虚空藏菩萨摩诃萨(梵语:आकाशगर्भ बोधिसत्त्व महासत्त्व,罗马化:Ākāśagarbha bodhisattva mahāsattva),ākāśa 虚空、苍穹,garbha 胎藏,亦译虚空孕,密号如意金刚、库藏金刚等,大乘佛教八大菩萨之一。按经述,虚空藏菩萨横空出世、凌驾群雄、心包太虚、量周沙界、光照万宇、德被亿众、慈悲恒发、威力无穷,记忆力如虚空浩瀚无垠。与代表大地的地藏菩萨互为呼应。为密宗胎藏界坛城虚空藏院之中尊,金刚界坛城贤劫十六尊之一。
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形像特点
《虚空藏菩萨经》等经中说祂常住于一切香集世界,其智慧广大如虚空,其财富遍满三界,能满足信众求智慧、财富、美名、美满眷属之愿望。常被塑化成头戴五佛冠,右手握散发火焰宝剑,左手持上有满愿如意珠之开敷莲花的形像。此菩萨所提供求闻持法相传随求即得成就,信众常修法祈祷祂加持,其中尤以唐密八祖、东密开祖遍照空海之应验事迹最为著名,以得增强记忆、见闻不忘之能力。[1]
在《大乐金刚不空真实三昧耶经般若波罗蜜多理趣释》卷下,唐 不空法师提到:一切三界主如来者:宝生佛也。宝生之变化,则虚空藏菩萨是也。[2]
相关经典
有许多佛经是以虚空藏菩萨为主角:
- 《大集大虚空藏菩萨所问经》 (Ārya Gaganagañja Paripṛcchā Nāma Mahāyāna Sūtra T.0404)
- 《虚空藏菩萨经》 (Ākāśagarbha Bodhisattva Sūtra T.405)
- 《佛说虚空藏菩萨神咒经》(Buddha Speaks the Ākāśagarbha Bodhisattva Dhāraṇī Sūtra T.406)
- 《虚空藏菩萨神咒经》(Ākāśagarbha Bodhisattva Dhāraṇī Sūtra T.0407)
- 《虚空孕菩萨经》 (Ākāśagarbha Bodhisattva Sūtra T.0408)
- 《观虚空藏菩萨经 》(The Meditation on Ākāśagarbha Bodhisattva Sūtra T.0409)
- 《虚空藏菩萨能满诸愿最胜心陀罗尼求闻持法》(The Method of the Victorious, Essential Dharāṇi for Having Wishes Heard by the Bodhisattva Space-Store Who Can Fulfill Requests T.1145)
- 《大虚空藏菩萨念诵法》 (The Method of Invoking the Great Ākāśagarbha Bodhisattva T.1146)
- 《圣虚空藏菩萨陀罗尼经》 (Dhāraṇī of the Space-Store Bodhisattva T.1147)
- 《佛说虚空藏陀罗尼》 (Buddha Speaks the Ākāśagarbha Dharāṇi T.1148)
- 《五大虚空藏菩萨速疾大神验秘密式经》(The Five Great Ākāśagarbha Bodhisattvas Sūtra T.1149)
- 《虚空藏菩萨问七佛陀罗尼咒经》(Ārya Saptabuddhaka Sūtra or Dhāraṇī of the Space-Store Bodhisattvaʼs Questions to Seven Buddhas T.1333)
- 《如来方便善巧咒经》 (Incantation of the Tathāgatas' Skillful Means T.1334)
参考文献
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