葡萄牙人口

截至2022年12月31日，葡萄牙全国有人口10,467,366人。^[1]

葡萄牙人口统计
人口金字塔（2023）
人口	▲ 10,467,366 (2022)
增长率	0.4% (2022)
出生率	0.8%
死亡率	1.19%
预期寿命	81.71
• 男性	78.60
• 女性	84.98
生育率	1.43
婴儿死亡率	0.247%
净移民率	0.83%
性别比
总计	0.9 男/女 (2023年估计)
新生人口	1.05 男/女
民族
国族	葡萄牙
主要民族	葡萄牙人
语言
官方	葡萄牙语

历年葡萄牙人口普查

年份	人口	±%
1864	4,286,995	—
1878	4,698,984	+9.6%
1890	5,102,891	+8.6%
1900	5,446,760	+6.7%
1911	5,999,146	+10.1%
1920	6,080,135	+1.4%
1930	6,802,429	+11.9%
1940	7,755,423	+14.0%
1950	8,510,240	+9.7%
1960	8,889,392	+4.5%
1970	8,611,125	−3.1%
1981	9,833,014	+14.2%
1991	9,867,147	+0.3%
2001	10,356,117	+5.0%
2011	10,561,614	+2.0%
常住人口 来源：INE, Recenseamentos Gerais da População

葡萄牙是一个语言和宗教都很单一的国家，绝大多数人口都是葡萄牙人。主要来自国外的移民包括巴西人、英国人、印度人、意大利人、法国人、乌克兰人、非洲葡萄牙语诸国人等。^[2][3]

自1900年以来的人口统计资料

[4][5] [6][7][8]	人口	出生	死亡	自然增长	粗出生率（每千人）	粗死亡率（每千人）	自然增长率（每千人）	生育率[fn 1][9][10][11][12]
1900	5,410,000	165,245	110,330	54,915	30.5	20.3	10.2	3.96
1901	5,460,000	170,773	114,130	56,643	31.3	20.9	10.4	4.07
1902	5,490,000	176,029	108,378	67,651	32.0	19.7	12.4	4.16
1903	5,560,000	183,138	111,685	71,453	33.0	20.1	12.9	4.29
1904	5,600,000	176,726	105,572	71,154	31.6	18.9	12.7	4.11
1905	5,660,000	179,746	112,756	66,990	31.8	20.0	11.8	4.13
1906	5,690,000	182,920	125,243	57,677	32.1	22.0	10.1	4.17
1907	5,730,000	176,417	113,254	63,163	30.7	19.7	11.0	3.99
1908	5,790,000	175,268	115,876	59,392	30.3	20.0	10.2	3.94
1909	5,850,000	174,753	112,421	62,332	29.9	19.2	10.8	3.89
1910	5,890,000	186,953	113,161	73,792	31.7	19.2	12.5	4.12
1911	5,960,000	230,033	130,900	99,133	38.6	22.0	16.6	5.02
1912	5,960,000	207,870	119,578	88,292	34.9	20.1	14.8	4.54
1913	5,970,000	193,906	123,054	70,852	32.5	20.6	11.9	4.22
1914	5,980,000	188,479	115,526	72,953	31.5	19.3	12.0	4.09
1915	5,990,000	195,225	122,513	72,712	32.6	20.5	12.0	4.24
1916	6,000,000	192,780	129,389	63,391	32.1	21.6	10.7	4.17
1917	6,000,000	188,391	134,082	54,309	31.4	22.3	9.1	4.08
1918	6,020,000	178,687	248,978	-70,291	29.7	41.4	-11.6	3.86
1919	6,020,000	166,162	152,856	13,306	27.6	25.4	2.2	3.59
1920	6,040,000	202,908	142,862	60,046	33.6	23.7	9.9	4.37
1921	6,070,000	197,022	126,316	70,706	32.4	20.8	11.7	4.21
1922	6,170,000	203,727	125,747	77,980	33.1	20.4	12.6	4.3
1923	6,240,000	207,172	141,775	65,397	33.2	22.7	10.5	4.32
1924	6,310,000	207,440	126,052	81,388	32.8	20.0	12.8	4.26
1925	6,370,000	208,434	117,413	91,021	32.6	18.4	14.3	4.24
1926	6,470,000	214,633	127,959	86,674	33.5	19.8	13.4	4.36
1927	6,550,000	199,399	123,382	76,017	31.0	18.8	11.6	4.03
1928	6,620,000	211,314	124,088	87,226	31.9	18.7	13.2	4.15
1929	6,720,000	200,874	118,824	82,050	29.9	17.7	12.2	3.89
1930	6,804,000	202,529	116,352	86,177	29.7	17.1	12.7	3.86
1931	6,860,000	204,120	115,225	88,895	29.7	16.8	13.0	3.86
1932	6,968,000	208,062	118,895	89,167	29.9	17.1	12.8	3.89
1933	7,057,000	204,315	120,996	83,319	28.9	17.2	11.8	3.88
1934	7,147,000	203,158	118,539	84,619	28.4	16.6	11.8	3.74
1935	7,237,000	203,943	123,051	80,892	28.2	17.0	11.2	3.59
1936	7,326,000	205,615	119,003	86,612	28.1	16.2	11.8	3.45
1937	7,416,000	198,217	117,291	80,926	26.7	15.8	10.9	3.39
1938	7,506,000	199,467	115,331	84,136	26.6	15.4	11.2	3.34
1939	7,595,000	198,888	116,075	82,813	26.2	15.3	10.9	3.28
1940	7,696,000	187,892	120,486	67,406	24.4	15.7	8.8	3.22
1941	7,750,000	184,336	134,937	49,399	23.8	17.4	6.4	3.12
1942	7,810,000	187,503	126,531	60,972	24.0	16.1	7.8	3.14
1943	7,890,000	198,101	121,887	76,214	25.1	15.3	9.7	3.27
1944	7,960,000	201,373	119,275	82,098	25.3	14.8	10.3	3.28
1945	8,040,000	209,131	115,596	93,535	26.0	14.2	11.6	3.39
1946	8,100,000	205,825	120,800	85,025	25.4	14.9	10.5	3.29
1947	8,180,000	200,488	110,437	90,051	24.5	13.5	11.0	3.14
1948	8,262,000	220,981	107,576	113,405	26.7	13.0	13.7	3.42
1949	8,333,000	212,260	117,499	94,761	25.5	14.1	11.4	3.23
1950	8,405,000	205,163	102,798	102,365	24.4	12.2	12.2	3.1
1951	8,459,000	207,870	105,473	102,397	24.6	12.5	12.1	3.1
1952	8,496,000	211,213	100,486	110,727	24.9	11.8	13.0	3.1
1953	8,534,000	202,135	97,460	104,675	23.7	11.4	12.3	3.1
1954	8,570,000	197,536	95,088	102,448	23.0	11.1	12.0	3.1
1955	8,610,000	209,790	99,472	110,318	24.4	11.6	12.8	3.1
1956	8,647,000	202,667	106,919	95,748	23.4	12.4	11.1	3.11
1957	8,680,000	211,494	101,784	109,710	24.4	11.7	12.6	3.12
1958	8,725,000	212,467	91,891	120,576	24.4	10.5	13.8	3.13
1959	8,826,000	213,062	97,754	115,308	24.3	11.1	13.1	3.15
1960	8,865,000	213,895	95,009	118,886	23.9	10.6	13.3	3.16
1961	8,929,000	217,516	99,590	117,926	24.3	11.1	13.2	3.18
1962	8,994,000	220,200	96,864	123,336	24.4	10.7	13.7	3.18
1963	9,031,000	212,152	98,011	114,141	23.4	10.8	12.6	3.19
1964	9,034,000	217,136	96,878	120,258	23.8	10.6	13.2	3.19
1965	8,999,000	210,299	95,187	115,112	23.0	10.4	12.6	3.18
1966	8,931,000	206,940	100,088	106,852	22.7	11.0	12	3.16
1967	8,875,000	202,061	95,816	106,245	22.2	10.5	11.7	3.13
1968	8,837,000	194,962	94,661	100,301	21.4	10.4	11.0	3.09
1969	8,758,000	189,739	101,088	88,651	20.9	11.1	9.7	3.05
1970	8,663,252	180,690	92,854	87,836	20.9	10.7	10.1	2.99
1971	8,624,258	181,243	98,355	82,888	21.0	11.4	9.6	2.99
1972	8,636,603	174,685	90,025	84,660	20.2	10.4	9.8	2.85
1973	8,629,598	172,324	95,239	77,085	20.0	11.0	8.9	2.76
1974	8,879,127	171,979	96,837	75,142	19.4	10.9	8.5	2.69
1975	9,307,815	179,648	97,750	81,898	19.3	10.5	8.8	2.75
1976	9,403,809	186,712	101,843	84,869	19.9	10.8	9.0	2.81
1977	9,507,536	181,064	95,917	85,147	19.0	10.1	9.0	2.68
1978	9,608,959	167,467	96,042	71,425	17.4	10.0	7.4	2.45
1979	9,713,570	160,311	92,566	67,745	16.5	9.5	7.0	2.31
1980	9,818,980	158,309	94,794	63,515	16.1	9.7	6.5	2.25
1981	9,883,670	152,071	95,728	56,343	15.4	9.7	5.7	2.13
1982	9,939,871	151,002	92,379	58,623	15.2	9.3	5.9	2.08
1983	9,975,859	144,296	96,179	48,117	14.5	9.6	4.8	1.96
1984	10,016,605	142,783	96,975	45,808	14.3	9.7	4.6	1.91
1985	10,030,621	130,450	97,085	33,365	13.0	9.7	3.3	1.73
1986	10,034,846	126,715	95,521	31,194	12.6	9.5	3.1	1.67
1987	10,025,215	123,179	95,102	28,077	12.3	9.5	2.8	1.63
1988	10,014,005	122,093	97,844	24,249	12.2	9.8	2.4	1.62
1989	9,995,995	118,483	95,743	22,740	11.9	9.6	2.3	1.58
1990	9,970,441	116,321	102,768	13,553	11.7	10.3	1.4	1.57
1991	9,950,029	116,299	103,882	12,417	11.7	10.4	1.2	1.56
1992	9,954,958	114,924	100,638	14,286	11.5	10.1	1.4	1.54
1993	9,974,391	113,960	105,950	8,010	11.4	10.6	0.8	1.52
1994	10,008,659	109,227	99,232	9,995	10.9	9.9	1.0	1.45
1995	10,043,693	107,097	103,475	3,622	10.7	10.3	0.4	1.41
1996	10,084,196	110,261	106,881	3,380	10.9	10.6	0.3	1.45
1997	10,133,758	112,933	104,778	8,155	11.1	10.3	0.8	1.47
1998	10,186,634	113,384	106,198	7,186	11.1	10.4	0.7	1.48
1999	10,249,022	116,002	107,871	8,131	11.3	10.5	0.8	1.51
2000	10,330,774	120,008	105,364	14,644	11.6	10.2	1.4	1.55
2001	10,394,669	112,774	105,092	7,682	10.8	10.1	0.7	1.45
2002	10,444,592	114,383	106,258	8,125	11.0	10.2	0.8	1.47
2003	10,473,050	112,515	108,795	3,720	10.7	10.4	0.4	1.44
2004	10,494,672	109,298	102,012	7,286	10.4	9.7	0.7	1.41
2005	10,511,988	109,399	107,464	1,935	10.4	10.2	0.2	1.42
2006	10,532,588	105,449	101,990	3,459	10.0	9.7	0.3	1.38
2007	10,553,339	102,492	103,512	-1,020	9.7	9.8	-0.1	1.35
2008	10,563,014	104,594	104,280	314	9.9	9.9	0.0	1.40
2009	10,573,479	99,491	104,434	-4,943	9.4	9.9	-0.5	1.35
2010	10,572,721	101,381	105,954	-4,573	9.6	10.0	-0.4	1.39
2011	10,558,950	96,856	102,848	-5,992	9.2	9.8	-0.6	1.35
2012	10,503,889	89,841	107,612	-17,771	8.6	10.3	-1.7	1.28
2013	10,444,092	82,787	106,554	-23,767	7.9	10.2	-2.3	1.21
2014	10,395,121	82,367	104,843	-22,476	7.9	10.1	-2.2	1.23
2015	10,368,554	85,500	108,539	-23,039	8.3	10.5	-2.2	1.30
2016	10,344,478	87,126	110,573	-23,447	8.5	10.7	-2.3	1.36
2017	10,335,770	86,154	109,758	-23,604	8.4	10.7	-2.3	1.37
2018	10,333,496	87,020	113,051	-26,031	8.5	11.0	-2.5	1.41
2019	10,375,395	86,579	111,843	-25,264	8.4	10.9	-2.4	1.42
2020	10,394,297	84,530	123,396	-38,866	8.2	12.0	-3.8	1.40
2021	10,421,117	79,582	124,802	-45,220	7.7	12.1	-4.4	1.34
2022	10,467,366	83,671	124,311	-40,640	8.0	11.9	-3.9	1.43

人口结构

按年龄和性别区分（2021年统计）：^[13]

年龄组	男性	女性	总计	%
总计	4 920 220	5 422 846	10 343 066	100.00
0–4	208 689	198 905	407 594	3.94
5–9	221 992	210 702	432 694	4.18
10–14	251 563	239 337	490 900	4.75
15–19	270 711	257 479	528 190	5.11
20–24	285 462	274 435	559 897	5.41
25–29	273 438	268 423	541 861	5.24
30–34	278 300	282 785	561 085	5.42
35–39	313 475	331 757	645 232	6.24
40–44	364 509	393 113	757 622	7.32
45–49	382 137	415 656	797 793	7.71
50–54	356 341	392 588	748 929	7.24
55–59	348 875	394 413	743 288	7.19
60–64	327 940	376 402	704 342	6.81
65–69	302 342	351 752	654 094	6.32
70–74	267 952	321 980	589 932	5.70
75–79	202 153	264 483	466 636	4.51
80–84	146 239	213 752	359 991	3.48
85+	118 102	234 884	352 986	3.41
年龄组	男性	女性	总计	%
0–14	682 244	648 944	1 331 188	12.87
15–64	3 201 188	3 387 051	6 588 239	63.70
65+	1 036 788	1 386 851	2 423 639	23.43

人口分布

地图

• 
  人口数量 (2020).
• 
  人口密度 (2020).

葡萄牙最大的城市是里斯本，其都会区人口超过287万人。其次则是波尔图，其都会区人口超过173万人。^[14]除了这两座大都会区，葡萄牙另有10座人口超过50,000人的城市。^[15]

注释

1. 总和生育率高于2.1时标为蓝色，被视为人口结构稳定；低于2时被视为进入老龄化社会，人口将出现负增长。

参考资料

1. População residente aumenta mais de 46 mil pessoas - 2022. ine.pt. INE. [15 June 2023]. （原始内容存档于2023-06-28）.
2. Quase 800 mil estrangeiros vivem em Portugal e 30% são brasileiros. www.dn.pt. 2023-06-23 [2023-07-05]. （原始内容存档于2023-07-05） （欧洲葡萄牙语）.
3. Statistics Portugal - Web Portal. www.ine.pt. [2023-07-05]. （原始内容存档于2017-01-09）.
4. B.R. Mitchell. European historical statistics, 1750–1975.
5. United Nations. Demographic Yearbook 1948 (PDF). Unstats.un.org. [3 October 2017]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2022-09-22）.
6. Statistics Portugal. Ine.pt. [3 October 2017]. （原始内容存档于2018-07-12）.
7. PORDATA – População residente: total e por sexo. Pordata.pt. [3 October 2017]. （原始内容存档于2023-05-30）.
8. População residente (N.º) por Local de residência (NUTS - 2013), Sexo e Grupo etário (Por ciclos de vida); Anual. ine.pt. INE. [15 June 2023]. （原始内容存档于2023-06-18）.
9. Max Roser, Total Fertility Rate around the world over the last centuries, Our World In Data, Gapminder Foundation（英语：Gapminder Foundation）, 2014 [2023-08-12], （原始内容存档于2018-08-07）
10. 2011 WORLD POPULATION DATA SHEET (PDF). Prb.org. [3 October 2017]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2017-11-18）.
11. 2012 – Negative birth rate decreases further – Portugal – Portuguese American Journal. Portuguese-american-journal.com. 2 January 2013 [3 October 2017]. （原始内容存档于2023-08-12）.
12. World Factbook EUROPE : PORTUGAL, The World Factbook, July 12, 2018 [2023-08-12], （原始内容存档于2021-01-09）
13. População residente (N.º) por Local de residência (à data dos Censos 2021), Sexo, Grupo etário e Naturalidade; Decenal - INE, Recenseamento da população e habitação - Censos 2021. www.ine.pt. [2023-05-22]. （原始内容存档于2023-08-13） （欧洲葡萄牙语）.
14. Definitive Results of the 2021 Census. ine.pt. INE. [26 November 2022]. （原始内容存档于2023-08-13）.
15. Fernando Nunes da Silva (2005), Alta Velocidade em Portugal, Desenvolvimento Regional, CENSUR, IST 互联网档案馆的存档，存档日期24 June 2009.