美国总统初选是指在美国总统选举的候选人提名过程中,各州及领地举办的一系列初选(primary election)与党团会议(caucus)。
历史
美国宪法对此并没有任何规定,这是各政党自己逐渐发展出来的一套流程。有些州只举办初选,也有些州只举办党团会议,还有些州两者皆有。每个大选年,各州的初选与党团会议并非同时举行,而是会持续数月,通常于一月下旬或二月上旬开始,于六月中旬结束。各州与当地政府会举行初选,而党团会议则是由各政党自己举行的内部会议。一州的初选或党团会议通常为间接选举,选民并非直接决定总统候选人,而是选出代表参加各党提名大会。这些代表则会在大会上选出各党总统候选人。
每个政党各自决定分配给各州的代表名额。除初选与党团会议之外,民主党与共和党的全国代表大会还包括一些自动当选的超级代表,可以根据他们自己的意愿在全国代表大会上投票。
参见
参考文献
- Brereton Charles. First in the Nation: New Hampshire and the Premier Presidential Primary. Portsmouth, NH: Peter E. Randall Publishers, 1987.
- Kendall, Kathleen E. Communication in the Presidential Primaries: Candidates and the Media, 1912–2000 (2000)
- Hugh, Gregg. "First-In-The-Nation Presidential Primary" (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆), State of New Hampshire Manual for the General Court, (Department of State) No.55, 1997.
- Palmer, Niall A. The New Hampshire Primary and the American Electoral Process (1997)
- "Reid, labor aided Nevada with Demos" (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆), Arizona Daily Star, July 24, 2006.
- Sabato, Larry, Politics: America's Missing Constitutional Link (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆), Virginia Quarterly Review, Summer 2006, 149–61.
- Scala, Dante J. Stormy Weather: The New Hampshire Primary and Presidential Politics (2003)
- Ware, Alan. The American
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