盲肠(cecum,caecum)古称阑肠,是小肠和大肠交界处连接的盲囊,属大肠的一部分,也是大肠的起始部,形如囊状袋,在人体位于腹腔右下部的腹膜内;盲肠下端为盲端,至回盲瓣处延续为升结肠,全长约6至8厘米。盲肠见于羊膜动物。
盲肠向上延续为升结肠,下部有一孔通阑尾,同回肠交接区的内壁有回盲瓣,有防止大肠内含物倒流的作用。
人体的盲肠退化,作用并不明显,而植食性的动物则有一长袋状盲肠,特别是那些不能反刍以消化纤维素食物的动物。
在汉语中,有些地区的口语误称阑尾炎为“盲肠炎”,然而盲肠与阑尾其实是两个不同的器官,盲肠发炎是罕见的血液肿瘤科疾病化疗后遗症[1]。
1 sources
附图
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Location of McBurney's point (#1)
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The superior mesenteric artery and its branches.
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Arteries of cecum and vermiform process.
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Inferior ileocecal fossa.
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Interior of the cecum and lower end of ascending colon, showing colic valve.
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Topography of thoracic and abdominal viscera.
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盲肠的直肠镜影像,前面箭头部分即为回盲瓣
参考文献
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