在理论物理学中,狄拉克矩阵 { γ 0 , γ 1 , γ 2 , γ 3 } {\displaystyle \{\gamma ^{0},\gamma ^{1},\gamma ^{2},\gamma ^{3}\}} ,又称γ矩阵,是狄拉克方程中所引入的四个矩阵,它们是泡利矩阵的推广,满足反对易关系: { γ μ , γ ν } = γ μ γ ν + γ ν γ μ = 2 η μ ν I 4 {\displaystyle \displaystyle \{\gamma ^{\mu },\gamma ^{\nu }\}=\gamma ^{\mu }\gamma ^{\nu }+\gamma ^{\nu }\gamma ^{\mu }=2\eta ^{\mu \nu }I_{4}} ,其中的上标,依据爱因斯坦求和约定,其为伪标量(不是幂次方的意思)。 狄拉克表象四个矩阵: γ 0 = ( 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 − 1 0 0 0 0 − 1 ) , γ 1 = ( 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 − 1 0 0 − 1 0 0 0 ) {\displaystyle \gamma ^{0}={\begin{pmatrix}1&0&0&0\\0&1&0&0\\0&0&-1&0\\0&0&0&-1\end{pmatrix}},\quad \gamma ^{1}={\begin{pmatrix}0&0&0&1\\0&0&1&0\\0&-1&0&0\\-1&0&0&0\end{pmatrix}}} γ 2 = ( 0 0 0 − i 0 0 i 0 0 i 0 0 − i 0 0 0 ) , γ 3 = ( 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 − 1 − 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 ) . {\displaystyle \gamma ^{2}={\begin{pmatrix}0&0&0&-i\\0&0&i&0\\0&i&0&0\\-i&0&0&0\end{pmatrix}},\quad \gamma ^{3}={\begin{pmatrix}0&0&1&0\\0&0&0&-1\\-1&0&0&0\\0&1&0&0\end{pmatrix}}.} Remove ads Halzen, Francis; Martin, Alan. Quarks & Leptons: An Introductory Course in Modern Particle Physics. John Wiley & Sons. 1984. ISBN 0-471-88741-2. A. Zee, Quantum Field Theory in a Nutshell (2003), Princeton University Press: Princeton, New Jersey. ISBN 0-691-01019-6. See chapter II.1. M. Peskin, D. Schroeder, An Introduction to Quantum Field Theory (Westview Press, 1995) [ISBN 0-201-50397-2] See chapter 3.2. W. Pauli. Contributions mathématiques à la théorie des matrices de Dirac. Ann. Inst. Henri Poincaré. 1936, 6: 109 [2012-05-06]. (原始内容存档于2019-06-29). 这是一篇与粒子物理学相关的小作品。您可以通过编辑或修订扩充其内容。查论编 Remove adsWikiwand in your browser!Seamless Wikipedia browsing. On steroids.Every time you click a link to Wikipedia, Wiktionary or Wikiquote in your browser's search results, it will show the modern Wikiwand interface.Wikiwand extension is a five stars, simple, with minimum permission required to keep your browsing private, safe and transparent.Wikiwand for ChromeWikiwand for EdgeWikiwand for FirefoxRemove ads
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