君主本是国家元首或政权领袖,掌握国家的最高政治权力。当这种权力被他人掌握或政权灭亡时,就可以册立、罢免君主。中国历史上,伊尹、霍光两位权臣曾废立君主,后世逐将废立君主称为伊霍之事。霍光废黜刘贺时,即是以上官皇太后的名义[1]。而借禅让之名,逼迫在位君主退位,又是另一种罢免君主的形式,或称之为篡位。
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