安德鲁·梅隆礼堂

	安德鲁·梅隆礼堂
地点	美国华盛顿哥伦比亚特区西北区宪法大道1301号
建于	1934年
建筑师	小亚瑟·布朗
建筑风格	古典复兴
隶属	宾夕法尼亚大道国家历史遗址 (ID66000865)

安德鲁·梅隆礼堂（英语：Andrew W. Mellon Auditorium；原名Departmental Auditorium）是美国一个750座位的^[2]历史建筑，新古典主义风格，位于华盛顿哥伦比亚特区西北区宪法大道1301号。礼堂连接美国国家环境保护局大楼的两翼，由美国联邦政府拥有，但供公众使用。

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以旧金山为基地的美国建筑师小亚瑟·布朗设计了礼堂，以及与其相邻的两栋建筑。建筑风格是新古典主义，^[3]如同联邦三角的所有建筑物。礼堂的门廊包括6根多立克柱。^[3]山花上的雕塑描绘美国的女性化身哥伦比亚坐在宝座上，右边是鹰，左边是一个裸体青年。第二山花则描绘乔治·华盛顿在特伦顿战役。^[4]内部是布杂艺术风格。^[5]室内照明由布朗设计。^[6]天花板最初漆成蓝色。^[7]

整个建筑被称为“全国最壮丽的礼堂之一。”^[8]

1932年12月15日，胡佛总统同时为两座大楼奠基^[9]。美国劳工联合会主席威廉·格林出席了奠基仪式^[9]。1935年2月25日，劳工/ICC 大楼和部门礼堂揭幕。^[10]

历史

美国和世界历史上几个重要的事件都发生在梅隆礼堂。1940年，富兰克林·罗斯福总统从礼堂舞台宣布征兵。^[11] 1949年4月4日，北大西洋公约在礼堂签署，北大西洋公约组织成立。^[12]1994年，比尔·克林顿总统在此签署北美自由贸易协定。^[13]2004年9/11委员会在礼堂公布其调查结果。^[14]

劳工/ICC 大楼现在是美国环境保护署的总部。部门礼堂在1987年更名安德鲁·梅隆礼堂，^[15]以纪念美国财政部部长安德鲁·梅隆，他负责监督联邦三角建设项目的开发，以及部门礼堂计划^[16]。

梅隆礼堂在1966年列入国家史迹名录，作为宾夕法尼亚大道国家历史遗址的一个子项目^[17]。2000年进行修复^[18]。

参考

[1]
National Register Information System. National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. 2008-04-15.
[2]
AWMA Capacities. Andrew W. Mellon Auditorium. [2011-09-06]. （原始内容存档于2011-09-03）.
[3]
Applewhite, E.J. Washington Itself: An Informal Guide to the Capital of the United States. New York: Knopf, 1981. ISBN 0-394-74875-1
[4]
Ovason, David. The Secret Architecture of Our Nation's Capital: The Masons and the Building of Washington. （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Reprint ed. New York: HarperCollins, 2002. ISBN 0-06-095368-3
[5]
Wurman, Richard Saul. Washington, DC Access. 3d ed. New York: Access Press, 1992. ISBN 0-06-277039-X
[6]
Tompkins, Sally Kress and Boucher, Jack E. A Quest for Grandeur: Charles Moore and the Federal Triangle. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1993. ISBN 1-56098-161-X
[7]
Look, David W. and Perrault, Carole L. The Interior Building: Its Architecture and Its Ar. Washington, D.C.: National Park Service, 1986.
[8]
Goode, James M. The Outdoor Sculpture of Washington, D.C.: A Comprehensive Historical Guide. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1974, p. 168. ISBN 0-87474-138-6
[9]
"Hoover Lays Stone of Labor Building." New York Times. December 16, 1932.
[10]
"Capital Dedicates New Labor Edifice." New York Times. February 26, 1935.
[11]
"Stimson Will Draw First Number In Draft Lottery at Noon Oct. 29." New York Times. October 22, 1940.
[12]
"Russians May See Signing Of the Pact if They Wish." New York Times. April 1, 1949; Lawrence, W.H. "12 Powers Charge Russians Distort Defensive Treaty." New York Times. April 3, 1949; "Acheson Sees Pact As Bolstering U.N." New York Times. April 3, 1949; "Dedication for Peace." New York Times. April 5, 1949; Apple, R.W. "How the Midwives of NATO Prevailed." （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） New York Times. April 23, 1999.
[13]
MacArthur, John R. The Selling of "Free Trade": NAFTA, Washington, and the Subversion of American Democracy. Berkeley, Calif.: University of California Press, 2001. ISBN 0-520-23178-3
[14]
Kean, Thomas H. and Hamilton, Lee H. Without Precedent: The Inside Story of the 9/11 Commission. Reprint ed. New York: Random House, Inc., 2007. ISBN 0-307-27663-5; Felzenberg, Alvin S. Governor Tom Kean: From the New Jersey Statehouse to the 9-11 Commission. New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University Press, 2006. ISBN 0-8135-3799-1
[15]
Sec. 9, Pub. L. 100-113, August 21, 1987; 101 Stat. 746.. [2016年4月1日]. （原始内容存档于2010年1月6日）.
[16]
Cannadine, David. Mellon: An American Life. Reprint ed. New York: Random House, Inc., 2008. ISBN 0-307-38679-1
[17]
Wheeler, Linda. "A Gilded Setting for a Golden Summit." （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Washington Post. April 23, 1999.
[18]
Moeller, Gerard Martin and Weeks, Christopher. AIA Guide to the Architecture of Washington, D.C. 4thed. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2006. ISBN 0-8018-8468-3

[nris-1] [1]
National Register Information System. National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. 2008-04-15.

[2] [2]
AWMA Capacities. Andrew W. Mellon Auditorium. [2011-09-06]. （原始内容存档于2011-09-03）.

[Applewhite-3] [3]
Applewhite, E.J. Washington Itself: An Informal Guide to the Capital of the United States. New York: Knopf, 1981. ISBN 0-394-74875-1

[4] [4]
Ovason, David. The Secret Architecture of Our Nation's Capital: The Masons and the Building of Washington. （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Reprint ed. New York: HarperCollins, 2002. ISBN 0-06-095368-3

[5] [5]
Wurman, Richard Saul. Washington, DC Access. 3d ed. New York: Access Press, 1992. ISBN 0-06-277039-X

[6] [6]
Tompkins, Sally Kress and Boucher, Jack E. A Quest for Grandeur: Charles Moore and the Federal Triangle. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1993. ISBN 1-56098-161-X

[7] [7]
Look, David W. and Perrault, Carole L. The Interior Building: Its Architecture and Its Ar. Washington, D.C.: National Park Service, 1986.

[8] [8]
Goode, James M. The Outdoor Sculpture of Washington, D.C.: A Comprehensive Historical Guide. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1974, p. 168. ISBN 0-87474-138-6

[HooverLaysLabor-9] [9]
"Hoover Lays Stone of Labor Building." New York Times. December 16, 1932.

[LaborEdifice-10] [10]
"Capital Dedicates New Labor Edifice." New York Times. February 26, 1935.

[11] [11]
"Stimson Will Draw First Number In Draft Lottery at Noon Oct. 29." New York Times. October 22, 1940.

[12] [12]
"Russians May See Signing Of the Pact if They Wish." New York Times. April 1, 1949; Lawrence, W.H. "12 Powers Charge Russians Distort Defensive Treaty." New York Times. April 3, 1949; "Acheson Sees Pact As Bolstering U.N." New York Times. April 3, 1949; "Dedication for Peace." New York Times. April 5, 1949; Apple, R.W. "How the Midwives of NATO Prevailed." （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） New York Times. April 23, 1999.

[13] [13]
MacArthur, John R. The Selling of "Free Trade": NAFTA, Washington, and the Subversion of American Democracy. Berkeley, Calif.: University of California Press, 2001. ISBN 0-520-23178-3

[14] [14]
Kean, Thomas H. and Hamilton, Lee H. Without Precedent: The Inside Story of the 9/11 Commission. Reprint ed. New York: Random House, Inc., 2007. ISBN 0-307-27663-5; Felzenberg, Alvin S. Governor Tom Kean: From the New Jersey Statehouse to the 9-11 Commission. New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University Press, 2006. ISBN 0-8135-3799-1

[15] [15]
Sec. 9, Pub. L. 100-113, August 21, 1987; 101 Stat. 746.. [2016年4月1日]. （原始内容存档于2010年1月6日）.

[16] [16]
Cannadine, David. Mellon: An American Life. Reprint ed. New York: Random House, Inc., 2008. ISBN 0-307-38679-1

[Wheeler-17] [17]
Wheeler, Linda. "A Gilded Setting for a Golden Summit." （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Washington Post. April 23, 1999.

[18] [18]
Moeller, Gerard Martin and Weeks, Christopher. AIA Guide to the Architecture of Washington, D.C. 4thed. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2006. ISBN 0-8018-8468-3

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