地蛛科(学名:Atypidae),是蜘蛛目的一科。与较常见的蜘蛛不同,这种蜘蛛有四个书肺并且触肢的动作范围几乎是平行的(不像人用餐时拿筷子的交错形式),看照片中之地蛛科Sphodros rufipes容易看出,触肢的应用方向是从上往下,而不是斜的。因此这亚目的蜘蛛从前之拉丁语名称是Orthognathidae, 即‘正额’的意思。
这种蜘蛛能用丝制造约30cm.长的筒,一端是在地面下,另一端则悬在树干或其他竖立面上。蜘蛛躲在其中等待猎物在外爬过去便用其螯肢穿过丝面捕之,再拉牠到里面吃。
下级分类
本科包括以下属:[1]
- Ambiortiphagus Eskov, 1990
- Ambiortiphagus ponomarenkoi Eskov & Zonshtein, 1990
- 地蛛属 Atypus Latreille, 1804
- Balticatypus Wunderlich, 2011
- Balticatypus beigeli Wunderlich, 2011
- Balticatypus juvenis (Wunderlich, 2011)
- Balticatypus spinosus Wunderlich, 2011
- 硬皮地蛛属 Calommata Lucas, 1837
- Sphodros Walckenaer, 1835
- Sphodros abboti Walckenaer, 1835
- Sphodros atlanticus Gertsch & Platnick, 1980
- Sphodros coylei Gertsch & Platnick, 1980
- Sphodros fitchi Gertsch & Platnick, 1980
- Sphodros niger (Hentz, 1842)
- Sphodros paisano Gertsch & Platnick, 1980
- Sphodros rufipes (Latreille, 1829)
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参考文献
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