马尔科姆·劳里

克拉伦斯·马尔科姆·劳里（英语：Clarence Malcolm Lowry，1909年7月28日—1957年6月26日）是英国诗人和小说家，他最著名的作品是小说《在火山下》，该著作被纽约公共图书馆《世纪之书》以及兰登书屋《当代文库》选作20世纪百大英文小说第11名。.

Malcolm Lowry
出生	Malcolm Lowry (1909-07-28)1909年7月28日 英格兰柴郡沃勒西
逝世	1957年6月26日(1957岁—06—26)（47岁） 英格兰萨塞克斯郡里佩（英语：Chalvington with Ripe）
职业	小说家，诗人
文学运动	现代主义
代表作	Ultramarine (1933), 在火山下(1947), Hear Us O Lord from Heaven Thy Dwelling Place (1961), Lunar Caustic (1968), Dark as the Grave wherein my Friend is Laid (1968), October Ferry to Gabriola (1970)
配偶	Jan Gabrial (1934–1937) Margerie Bonner (1940–1957, his death)
受影响于	Conrad Aiken, 赫尔曼·梅尔维尔, 费奥多尔·杜斯妥也夫斯基, 卡夫卡, 杰克·伦敦, 列夫·托尔斯泰, 海明威, 詹姆斯·乔伊斯, 威廉·福克纳, 索福克勒斯

写作

劳瑞一生著作出版其实很少，相比之下他去世时却留下了大量的未完成的手稿。在他的两部小说中，在火山下 (1947)目前被普遍认为是杰出之作，也是20世纪最杰出的小说之一(《当代文库》 20世纪百大英文小说第11名).^[1] 这本书展现的劳瑞的写作手法特点，包括重点使用自传式的素材，并且充满了复杂的、隐喻性的象征手法写作。在火山下描述了一系列复杂、让人难以接受的恶劣人际关系，而写作背景则是墨西哥的火山喷发。

火山：关于劳瑞的生死调查 (1976)是加拿大电影局拍摄的获得奥斯卡提名的纪录片，制片人是Donald Brittain and Robert A. Duncan，导演则是 Brittain and John Kramer.^[2] 该片开创了对劳瑞“意外事故死亡”的调查，然后倒叙讲述作者生活。片中还包括劳瑞作品的节选，由Richard Burton朗读，背景则拍摄于墨西哥、美国、加拿大和英格兰。^[3]

作品列表

• Ultramarine (1933)
• 在火山下 (1947), 1984年被 约翰·休斯顿 拍成电影

死后出版

• Hear Us O Lord from Heaven Thy Dwelling Place (1961)
• Selected Poems of Malcolm Lowry (1962)
• Lunar Caustic (1968)
• Dark as the Grave wherein my Friend is Laid (1968)
• October Ferry to Gabriola (1970)
• The Cinema of Malcolm Lowry: A Scholarly Edition of Malcolm Lowry's "Tender is the Night" edited by Miquel Mota & Paul Tiessen (1990)
• The 1940 Under The Volcano (1994)
• La Mordida edited by Patrick A. McCarthy (1996)

继续阅读

• An Anthology from X (Oxford University Press 1988). X (magazine) ran from 1959–62. Edited by David Wright & Patrick Swift. Contributions from Lowry, W.H. Auden, Samuel Beckett, Alberto Giacometti, Francis Bacon (painter), Stevie Smith, Robert Graves, David Gascoyne, et al.
• The Collected Poetry of Malcolm Lowry (1992) edited by Kathleen Scherf
• The Kaleidoscopic Vision of Malcolm Lowry: Souls and Shamans, by Nigel H. Foxcroft, (Lexington Books: Lanham, MD, 2019). ISBN 978-1-4985-1657-0
• The Voyage That Never Ends (2007), selected stories, poems, and letters; edited by Michael Hofmann
• Grace, Sherrill. (2009). Strange Comfort: Essays on the Work of Malcolm Lowry. Talonbooks: Vancouver, B.C. ISBN 978-0-88922-618-0
• Malcolm Lowry from the Mersey to the World (2009) edited by Bryan Biggs and Helen Tookey

传记

• Lowry, a Biography, Douglas Day (1973)
• Volcano: An Inquiry Into the Life and Death of Malcolm Lowry,^[2] National Film Board of Canada, (1976)
• Malcolm Lowry Remembered, G. Bowker, ed (1985)
• Pursued by Furies: A Life of Malcolm Lowry, G. Bowker (1993)
• Inside the Volcano: My Life with Malcolm Lowry, Jan Gabrial (2000)

参考

1. Modern Library 100 Best Novels. Modern Library. [13 March 2008]. （原始内容存档于2010-02-07）. （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
2. Volcano: An Inquiry into the Life and Death of Malcolm Lowry. Documentary film (National Film Board of Canada). 1976 [31 March 2009]. （原始内容存档于2020-04-15）. （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
3. IMDb. [2012-03-14]. （原始内容存档于2021-05-05）. （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）

来源

• Asals, Frederick, The making of Malcolm Lowry's Under the volcano (University of Georgia: Athens, 1997)
• Bareham, Tony, Modern Novelists: Malcolm Lowry (St Martins: New York, 1989)
• Bowker, Gordon, ed, Malcolm Lowry Remembered (Ariel: London, 1985)
• Bradbrook, M.C., Malcolm Lowry: His Art and Early Life (CUP: Cambridge, 1974)
• Cross, Richard K., Malcolm Lowry: a preface to his fiction (Athlone Press: London, 1980)
• Foxcroft, Nigel H., The Kaleidoscopic Vision of Malcolm Lowry: Souls and Shamans (Lexington Books: Lanham, MD, 2019). ISBN 978-1-4985-1657-0
• Hochschild, Adam, Finding the Trapdoor: Essays, Portraits, Travels, pp. 265–73, "The Private Volcano of Malcolm Lowry," (Syracuse University Press: Syracuse, 1997)
• Miller, David, Malcolm Lowry and the voyage that never ends (Enitharmon Press: London, 1976)
• Smith, Anne, The art of Malcolm Lowry (Vision: London, 1978)
• Stevenson, Randall, The British Novel Since the Thirties (Batsford: London, 1986)
• Vice, Sue, Malcolm Lowry eighty years on (St. Martins Press: New York, 1989)
• Woolmer, J. Howard, Malcolm Lowry: a bibliography (Woolmer/Brotherson: Pennsylvania, 1983)

外部链接s

• 劳瑞的在火山下
• A Hypertextual Companion to Under the Volcano （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
• Short Excerpt from Dark As The Grave （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
• Photo of the beach where Malcolm Lowry's shack was located in North Vancouver, Canada
• Volcano: An Inquiry into the Life and Death of Malcolm Lowry （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, film from the NFB （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）.
• Audiobook (mp3) of the preface written in 1948 by Malcolm Lowry for French readers of Under the Volcano.
• Malcolm Lowry entry at The Canadian Encyclopedia （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
• 在Find a Grave上的马尔科姆·劳里