例子
功
功取决于位移和作用在物体上的力。当质点沿路径C在力场中运动时,力做功为曲线积分:
对保守场来说,它也与路径本身无关,只取决于始终点。因此,在起点与终点重合的闭合路径上运动的物体的功为0:
认识到保守矢量场可以写成某个标量势函数的梯度,可以更容易地评估所做的功:
功就是起点和终点的电势值之差。如果这两个点分别为x = a、x = b,则:
另见
参考文献
外部链接
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