前向散射

前向散射 是光波（或更具体地说，电磁波）的偏转，朝向相反的方向。这可能是由颗粒物质的衍射、非均匀折射或非镜面反射引起的，这些颗粒物质相对于所讨论的波长较大，但相对于光束直径（英语：Beam diameter）较小。前向散射过程可能对波的偏振敏感。前向散射本质上是后向散射的反向散射^{[来源请求]}。

彗星

因为尘埃和冰晶通过向观测者散射光来反射和增强彗星的表观亮度，前向散射可以使背光的彗星看起来明显更亮^[1]。在可见光热光度法中，研究前向散射的彗星包括C/1927 X1 (斯基勒鲁普-马里斯塔尼)、C/1975 V1 (威斯特)和C/1980 Y1 (布拉德菲尔德)^[2]。在SOHO非热C3日冕仪光度法中研究的前向散射彗星包括96P/Machholz和C/2004 F4 (布拉德菲尔德)^[2]。在近日点附近的大彗星的C/2006 P1 (麦克诺特)和1927 X1(斯基勒鲁普-马里斯塔尼)的亮度都通过前向散射增强^[3]。

参考资料

[1]
Comet Elenin as seen by STEREO-B, and what we think is going to happen next.... Sungrazing Comets. [2011-08-05]. （原始内容存档于2011-09-26）.
[2]
Marcus, Joseph C. Forward-Scattering Enhancement of Comet Brightness. I. Background and Model. International Comet Quarterly. 2007, 29 (2): 39–66. Bibcode:2007ICQ....29...39M.
[3]
Marcus, Joseph N. Forward-Scattering Enhancement of Comet Brightness. II. The Light Curve of C/2006 P1 (PDF). International Comet Quarterly. October 2007, 29: 119–130. Bibcode:2007ICQ....29..119M. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2011-07-08）.

本条目引用的公有领域材料来自General Services Administration的文档《Federal Standard 1037C》。

外部链接

Cassini's Views of Saturn's Rings
Light Scattering Demonstration （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）

[scattering-1] [1]
Comet Elenin as seen by STEREO-B, and what we think is going to happen next.... Sungrazing Comets. [2011-08-05]. （原始内容存档于2011-09-26）.

[Marcus2007-2] [2]
Marcus, Joseph C. Forward-Scattering Enhancement of Comet Brightness. I. Background and Model. International Comet Quarterly. 2007, 29 (2): 39–66. Bibcode:2007ICQ....29...39M.

[fscat-3] [3]
Marcus, Joseph N. Forward-Scattering Enhancement of Comet Brightness. II. The Light Curve of C/2006 P1 (PDF). International Comet Quarterly. October 2007, 29: 119–130. Bibcode:2007ICQ....29..119M. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2011-07-08）.

[1]

[2]

[3]