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位温是指流体气压温度(单位 K)的位置绝热抬升或下降至参照气压值 的位置(通常为 1000 hPa)所具有的温度,并以 表示之。就空气而言,其位温可从下列方程式求得:

为气块的绝对温度(K)、气体常数 等压比热容 (干空气气体常数R≈287.43JK-1kg-1;cp≈1005JK-1kg-1)
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