乔治·华盛顿共济会国家纪念堂

乔治·华盛顿共济会国家纪念堂（英语：George Washington Masonic National Memorial）简称华盛顿纪念堂，是一座共济会建筑，位于华盛顿哥伦比亚特区郊区，弗吉尼亚州的亚历山德里亚 (弗吉尼亚州)。纪念第一任美国总统、共济会会员乔治·华盛顿。塔楼模仿古代埃及的亚历山大灯塔^[3]^[4]^[5]。纪念堂高333-英尺（101-米）^[5]^[6]^[7]，座落在射手山山顶^[8]^[9]， Callahan Drive 101号.^[3] 始建于1922年，^[1] 1932年开幕^[2]，内部在1970年最终完成^[10]。

事实速览 乔治·华盛顿共济会国家纪念堂, 概要 ...

乔治·华盛顿共济会国家纪念堂
George Washington Masonic National Memorial

概要
类型	共济会神殿[]、美国国家纪念碑[]
建筑风格	新古典主义建筑、罗曼复兴式建筑、哥德复兴式建筑、新文艺复兴建筑
用途	纪念建筑、神庙、博物馆
地点	弗吉尼亚州亚历山德里亚 Callahan Drive101号
地址	101 Callahan Dr, Alexandria, VA 22301
坐标	38°48′27″N 77°03′58″W
起造	1922年6月5日^[1]
竣工日	1932
开放	1932年5月12日^[2]
造价	$600万美元
所有者	乔治华盛顿国家纪念碑协会[*]
高度
高度	101 米
屋顶	333英尺（101米）
技术细节
层数	9
电梯数	2
设计与建造
建筑师	Harvey Wiley Corbett of Helmle & Corbett
保护情况	美国国家历史名胜、国家历史遗迹登记地点[*]
网站
https://gwmemorial.org/
地图

关闭

华盛顿地铁蓝线和黄线的国王街站^[8]距离此纪念堂四个街块。

参考文献

引用

[1]
"Start Alexandria Memorial Temple." Washington Post. June 6, 1922.
[2]
Shepperson, Charles M. "Masonic Fete Draws 150,000 to Alexandria." Washington Post. May 12, 1932.
[3]
Ferris, p. 21.
[4]
Kruh and Kruh, p. 41.
[5]
Morris, p. 18.
[6]
Hutton, Margaret. "George Washington Masonic National Memorial." Washington Post. No date. （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Accessed 2011-03-21.
[7]
Conroy, Sarah Booth. "Those Revolutionary Masons." Washington Post. February 16, 1992.
[8]
Colbert, p. 14.
[9]
Smith, p. 79.
[10]
Seghers, George D. "The George Washington Masonic Memorial Centennial Celebration." Scottish Rite Journal. January-February, 2001.. [2011-09-08]. （原始内容存档于2013-01-13）.

书籍

American Art Annual. New York: MacMillan Co., 1933.
Bahr, Jeff; Taylor, Troy; Coleman, Loren; Scheurman, Mark; and Moran, Mark. Weird Virginia. New York: Sterling Publishing, 2007.
Boudreau, Allan; Bleimann, Alexander; and Deutsch, David. George Washington in New York. New York: American Lodge of Research, 1987.
Brown, William Mosely. George Washington, Freemason. Richmond, Va.: Garrett & Massie, 1952.
Burian, A. Ward. George Washington's Legacy of Leadership. New York: Morgan James Pub., 2007.
Burstein, Daniel and De Keijzer, Arne J. Secrets of 'The Lost Symbol': The Unauthorized Guide to the Mysteries Behind 'The Da Vinci Code' Sequel. New York: Harper, 2010.
Caemmerer, H. Paul. Washington, the National Capital. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1932.
"Callahan, Charles H." In Encyclopedia of Virginia Biography. Lyon Gardiner Tyler, ed. New York: Lewis Historical Pub. Co., 1915.
Clute, Eugene. Drafting Room Practice. New York: The Pencil Points Press, 1928.
Colbert, Judy. Virginia: Off the Beaten Path. Guilford, Conn.: Globe Pequot Press, 2009.
Connelly, Thomas Lawrence. The Marble Man: Robert E. Lee and His Image in American Society. Baton Rouge, La.: Louisiana State University Press, 1981.
Ferris, Gary W. Presidential Places: A Guide to the Historic Sites of U.S. Presidents. Winston-Salem, N.C.: J.F. Blair, 1999.
Howlett, D. Roger and Noble, Joseph Veach. The Sculpture of Donald De Lue: Gods, Prophets, and Heroes. Boston, Mass.: D.R. Godine, 1990.
Kruh, David and Kruh, Louis. Presidential Landmarks. New York, N.Y.: Hippocrene Books, 1992.
Laughlin, Clara E. So You're Going South! Boston: Little, Brown, 1940.
Lichtenstein, Gaston. George Washington's Lost Birthday. Richmond, Va.: William Byrd Press, 1924.
Morris, Shirley. The Pelican Guide to Virginia. Gretna, La.: Pelican Pub. Co., 1990.
Reynolds, Charles Bingham. The Standard Guide: Washington, A Handbook for Visitors. Washington, D.C.: B.S. Reynolds Co., 1924.
Rothery, Agnes. New Roads in Old Virginia. Boston, Mass.: Houghton Mifflin, 1937.
Smedes, Susan Dabney. A Southern Planter: Social Life in the Old South. New York: Pott, 1900.
Smith, James Fairbairn. A Panorama of Masonic History: Sesquicentennial of the Grand Lodge, Free and Accepted Masons of Michigan, 1826-1976. Detroit: Sesquicentennial Commission, Michigan Grand Lodge of Free and Accepted Masons, 1976.
"Smith, William Morgan, M.D." In Encyclopedia of Virginia Biography. Lyon Gardiner Tyler, ed. New York: Lewis Historical Pub. Co., 1915.
Stevens, William Oliver. Washington, the Cinderella City. New York: Dodd, Mead & Co., 1943.
Stoller, Paul D. The Architecture of Harvey Wiley Corbett. Madison, Wisc.: University of Wisconsin-Madison Libraries, 1995.
Tatsch, J. Hugo. The Facts About George Washington as a Freemason. New York: Macoy Publishing and Masonic Supply Co., 1931.
Turnbull, Everett R. and Denslow, Ray V. A History of Royal Arch Masonry. Trenton, Mo.: General Grand Chapter, Royal Arch Masons, 1956.
Voges, Nettie Allen. Old Alexandria: Where America's Past Is Present. McLean, Va.: EPM Publications, 1975.
Walker, J.T. F.L.M., A History of Fredericksburg Lodge No. 4 A. F. & A. M. Fredericksburg, Va.: Sheridan Books, 2002.
Wasserman, James. The Secrets of Masonic Washington: A Guidebook to Signs, Symbols, and Ceremonies at the Origin of America's Capital. Rochester, Vt.: Destiny Books, 2008.

外部链接

乔治·华盛顿共济会国家纪念堂
George Washington Masonic National Memorial

概要
类型	共济会神殿[]、美国国家纪念碑[]
建筑风格	新古典主义建筑、罗曼复兴式建筑、哥德复兴式建筑、新文艺复兴建筑
用途	纪念建筑、神庙、博物馆
地点	弗吉尼亚州亚历山德里亚 Callahan Drive101号
地址	101 Callahan Dr, Alexandria, VA 22301
坐标	38°48′27″N 77°03′58″W
起造	1922年6月5日^[1]
竣工日	1932
开放	1932年5月12日^[2]
造价	$600万美元
所有者	乔治华盛顿国家纪念碑协会[*]
高度
高度	101 米
屋顶	333英尺（101米）
技术细节
层数	9
电梯数	2
设计与建造
建筑师	Harvey Wiley Corbett of Helmle & Corbett
保护情况	美国国家历史名胜、国家历史遗迹登记地点[*]
网站
https://gwmemorial.org/
地图

乔治·华盛顿共济会国家纪念堂

George Washington Masonic National Memorial

概要

类型

共济会神殿[*]、美国国家纪念碑[*]

建筑风格

新古典主义建筑、罗曼复兴式建筑、哥德复兴式建筑、新文艺复兴建筑

用途

纪念建筑、神庙、博物馆

地点

弗吉尼亚州亚历山德里亚 Callahan Drive101号

地址

101 Callahan Dr, Alexandria, VA 22301

坐标

38°48′27″N 77°03′58″W

起造

1922年6月5日^[1]

竣工日

1932

开放

1932年5月12日^[2]

造价

$600万美元

所有者

乔治华盛顿国家纪念碑协会[*]

高度

101 米

屋顶

333英尺（101米）

技术细节

层数

电梯数

设计与建造

建筑师

Harvey Wiley Corbett of Helmle & Corbett

保护情况

美国国家历史名胜、国家历史遗迹登记地点[*]

网站

https://gwmemorial.org/

地图

参考文献

引用

[1]
"Start Alexandria Memorial Temple." Washington Post. June 6, 1922.
[2]
Shepperson, Charles M. "Masonic Fete Draws 150,000 to Alexandria." Washington Post. May 12, 1932.
[3]
Ferris, p. 21.
[4]
Kruh and Kruh, p. 41.
[5]
Morris, p. 18.
[6]
Hutton, Margaret. "George Washington Masonic National Memorial." Washington Post. No date. （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Accessed 2011-03-21.
[7]
Conroy, Sarah Booth. "Those Revolutionary Masons." Washington Post. February 16, 1992.
[8]
Colbert, p. 14.
[9]
Smith, p. 79.
[10]
Seghers, George D. "The George Washington Masonic Memorial Centennial Celebration." Scottish Rite Journal. January-February, 2001.. [2011-09-08]. （原始内容存档于2013-01-13）.

书籍

American Art Annual. New York: MacMillan Co., 1933.
Bahr, Jeff; Taylor, Troy; Coleman, Loren; Scheurman, Mark; and Moran, Mark. Weird Virginia. New York: Sterling Publishing, 2007.
Boudreau, Allan; Bleimann, Alexander; and Deutsch, David. George Washington in New York. New York: American Lodge of Research, 1987.
Brown, William Mosely. George Washington, Freemason. Richmond, Va.: Garrett & Massie, 1952.
Burian, A. Ward. George Washington's Legacy of Leadership. New York: Morgan James Pub., 2007.
Burstein, Daniel and De Keijzer, Arne J. Secrets of 'The Lost Symbol': The Unauthorized Guide to the Mysteries Behind 'The Da Vinci Code' Sequel. New York: Harper, 2010.
Caemmerer, H. Paul. Washington, the National Capital. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1932.
"Callahan, Charles H." In Encyclopedia of Virginia Biography. Lyon Gardiner Tyler, ed. New York: Lewis Historical Pub. Co., 1915.
Clute, Eugene. Drafting Room Practice. New York: The Pencil Points Press, 1928.
Colbert, Judy. Virginia: Off the Beaten Path. Guilford, Conn.: Globe Pequot Press, 2009.
Connelly, Thomas Lawrence. The Marble Man: Robert E. Lee and His Image in American Society. Baton Rouge, La.: Louisiana State University Press, 1981.
Ferris, Gary W. Presidential Places: A Guide to the Historic Sites of U.S. Presidents. Winston-Salem, N.C.: J.F. Blair, 1999.
Howlett, D. Roger and Noble, Joseph Veach. The Sculpture of Donald De Lue: Gods, Prophets, and Heroes. Boston, Mass.: D.R. Godine, 1990.
Kruh, David and Kruh, Louis. Presidential Landmarks. New York, N.Y.: Hippocrene Books, 1992.
Laughlin, Clara E. So You're Going South! Boston: Little, Brown, 1940.
Lichtenstein, Gaston. George Washington's Lost Birthday. Richmond, Va.: William Byrd Press, 1924.
Morris, Shirley. The Pelican Guide to Virginia. Gretna, La.: Pelican Pub. Co., 1990.
Reynolds, Charles Bingham. The Standard Guide: Washington, A Handbook for Visitors. Washington, D.C.: B.S. Reynolds Co., 1924.
Rothery, Agnes. New Roads in Old Virginia. Boston, Mass.: Houghton Mifflin, 1937.
Smedes, Susan Dabney. A Southern Planter: Social Life in the Old South. New York: Pott, 1900.
Smith, James Fairbairn. A Panorama of Masonic History: Sesquicentennial of the Grand Lodge, Free and Accepted Masons of Michigan, 1826-1976. Detroit: Sesquicentennial Commission, Michigan Grand Lodge of Free and Accepted Masons, 1976.
"Smith, William Morgan, M.D." In Encyclopedia of Virginia Biography. Lyon Gardiner Tyler, ed. New York: Lewis Historical Pub. Co., 1915.
Stevens, William Oliver. Washington, the Cinderella City. New York: Dodd, Mead & Co., 1943.
Stoller, Paul D. The Architecture of Harvey Wiley Corbett. Madison, Wisc.: University of Wisconsin-Madison Libraries, 1995.
Tatsch, J. Hugo. The Facts About George Washington as a Freemason. New York: Macoy Publishing and Masonic Supply Co., 1931.
Turnbull, Everett R. and Denslow, Ray V. A History of Royal Arch Masonry. Trenton, Mo.: General Grand Chapter, Royal Arch Masons, 1956.
Voges, Nettie Allen. Old Alexandria: Where America's Past Is Present. McLean, Va.: EPM Publications, 1975.
Walker, J.T. F.L.M., A History of Fredericksburg Lodge No. 4 A. F. & A. M. Fredericksburg, Va.: Sheridan Books, 2002.
Wasserman, James. The Secrets of Masonic Washington: A Guidebook to Signs, Symbols, and Ceremonies at the Origin of America's Capital. Rochester, Vt.: Destiny Books, 2008.

外部链接

乔治·华盛顿共济会国家纪念堂

参考文献

引用

书籍

外部链接

参见

Wikiwand in your browser!

参考文献

引用

书籍

外部链接

参见

Wikiwand in your browser!