小嘴贝目（学名：Rhynchonellida）为小嘴贝纲的一个目。本目的特征为两瓣壳双凸，壳体具有非常明显的放射状褶纹，且背、腹瓣壳间的铰合线非常短。
小嘴贝目 化石时期：
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|---|---|
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| Rhynchotrema dentatum化石，产自美国印第安纳州东南部的辛辛那阶（上奥陶统） | |
科学分类 
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| 界： | 动物界 Animalia |
| 门： | 腕足动物门 Brachiopoda |
| 纲： | 小嘴贝纲 Rhynchonellata |
| 目： | 小嘴贝目 Rhynchonellida Kuhn, 1949 |
| 超科 | |
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小嘴贝目的形态自奥陶纪出现以来变化不大，牠们可能是由五房贝目演化而来，并进一步演化成无洞贝目和无窗贝目。小嘴贝目在晚古生代十分繁盛，但在二叠纪—三叠纪灭绝事件中族群量大幅下跌。侏罗纪早期小嘴贝目经历了复兴，成为中生代种群数量最多的腕足动物类群，且至今依旧是有铰类腕足动物的两个主要现生类群之一（另一支为穿孔贝目）。
下级分类
本目包括以下科：[1]
- Acanthothirididae
- Allorhynchidae
- Amphidellidae
- Amphipellidae
- Ancistorhynchidae
- Ancistrorhynchidae
- Antistrixidae
- Apodosiidae
- Araratellidae
- Aratellidae
- Aseptorhynchiidae
- Astraeleniidae
- Atriboniidae
- Austrirhynchidae
- Austrirhynchiidae
- Basiliolidae
- Camarotoechiidae
- Camerophorinidae
- Cardiarinidae
- Cardinirhynchiidae
- Chaniellidae
- Cryptoporidae
- Cryptoporiidae
- Cyclothyridae
- 旋孔贝科 Cyclothyrididae
- Dimerellidae
- Dispheniidae
- Dogdoidae
- Eatoniidae
- Eoglossinotoechiidae
- Erymnariidae
- Eucharitinidae
- Eumetabolotoechiidae
- Frieleiidae
- Glossinotoechiidae
- Hadrorhynchiidae
- Halorellidae
- Hebetoechiidae
- Hemithirididae
- Hemithyrididae
- Hypothyridinidae
- Innaechiidae
- Jacoburbirostridae
- Jafarirhynchidae
- Katuniidae
- Ktenopotamorhynchidae
- Ladogiidae
- Lambdarinidae
- Lanceomyoniidae
- Leiorhynchidae
- Leptocoeliidae
- Machaerariidae
- Meduanarostridae
- Niorhynicidae
- Norellidae
- Notanopliidae
- Notosariidae
- Nucinulidae
- Obturamentellidae
- Ochotorhynchiidae
- Oligorhynchiidae
- Orthorhynchulidae
- Parallelepipedorhynchidae
- Paranorellidae
- Peregrinellidae
- Petasmariidae
- Petasmatheridae
- Phoenicitoechiidae
- Platyterorhynchidae
- Plectorhynchellidae
- Pontisiidae
- Praecyclothyrididae
- Prionorhynchiidae
- Psilocamaridae
- 狮鼻贝科 Pugnacidae
- Pygmaellidae
- 小嘴贝科 Rhynchonellidae
- Rhynchoporidae
- Rhynchotetradidae
- Rhynchotrematidae
- Rhynchotretiidae
- Rhynchotretradidae
- Rozmanariidae
- Salanygolinidae
- Sapphicorhynchidae
- Septalariidae
- Septirhynchiidae
- Sinorhynchiidae
- Sphenotretidae
- 狭体贝科 Stenoscismatidae
- Tethyrhynchiidae
- Tetracameridae
- Tetrarhynchiidae
- Triasorhynchiidae
- Trigonirhynchiidae
- 三角小嘴贝科 Trigonorhynchiidae
- 钩形贝科 Uncinulidae
- 韦勒贝科 Wellerellidae
- 云南贝科 Yunnanellidae
- Zaigunrostridae
- Zhejiangellidae
- 科的地位未定的属：
- Aidynkulirhynchia Ovtsharenko, 1983
- Ancistrorhynchia
- Antistrixia
- Aratella
- Bailongjiangella Fu, 1982
- Begiarslania Titova, 1992
- Beichuanrhynchus Chen Yuanren, 1990
- Bergalarai
- Callaiaspida
- Camarotoechiodes
- Canavirila Sartenaer, 1994
- Chathamirhynchia Lee & Motchurova-Dekova, 2008
- Corrugatimediorostrum Sartenaer, 1970
- Davinirhynchia
- Dichotomosella Tchoumatchenco, 1987
- Discamella Trotter & Talent, 2005
- Dorsisinus Easton et al., 1958
- Dorsisinus Sanders, 1958
- Dzhangirhynchia
- Ellassonia
- Erectocephalus
- Homeorhynchia
- Hypoleiorhynchus Linnik, 1976
- Irgislella
- Kermanirhyncha Popov, Zaman, Baranov, Ghobadi Pour & Holmer, 2021
- Ladogilinella Lyashenko, 1973
- Ladogiodes
- Langkawai
- Laosia Mansuy, 1913
- Leiorhynchoides
- Leptocaryorhyncus
- Linxiangxiella Yang, 1984
- Machaerotoechia
- Makridinirhynchia Sucic-Protic, 1969
- Mediterranirhynchia Sucic-Protic, 1969
- Meglopterorhynchus
- Miaohuangrhynchus Yang, 1977
- Microsphaeridiorhynchu
- Minutalirhynchia
- Omolonorhynchia
- Orbiculatisiurostrum
- Orthorhyncula
- Paratetratomia Yang, 1977
- Paryphorhynchopora
- Payuella Grabau, 1934
- Perakia Hamada, 1969
- Physetorhynchia
- Platyglossariorhynchus Sartenaer, 1970
- Pompoecilorhynchus
- Pontalorhynchia
- Praegnamtenia
- Praelacunosella
- Protodorsisinus Trotter & Talent, 2005
- Protorhyncha Hall & Clarke, 1894
- Pseudocamaratoechia
- Pseudocapillirhynchia Motchurova-Dekova, Radulovic & Metodiev, 2009
- Pseudoglossirotoechia
- Pseudonudirostra
- Qilianotryma Xu, 1979
- Qinlingotoechia Fu, 1983
- Rhynchotetraoides
- Rionorhynchia
- Rostrirhynchia Sucic-Protic, 1969
- Salairotoechia Rzhonsnitzkaya, 1968
- Seminula M'Coy, 1844
- Septemirostellum Roberts, 1971
- Septocamarella
- Serbiarhynchia
- Sichuanrhynchis
- Slovenirhynchia Siblik, 1967
- Stegerhynchops
- Sulciphoria Smirnova, 1992
- Tainotoechia
- Tasmalella
- Tatjamoa
- Tungussotoechia Lopushinskaya, 1976
- Uralotoechia
- Wairakiella
- Wulungguia
- Yanbianella Tong, 1978
- Yukiangites
- Yunshanella
- Zanclorhyncha
参考文献
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