颈槽蛇属（学名：Rhabdophis）是蛇亚目游蛇科下的一个蛇属，主要分布于东南亚地区。
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本属蛇种原隶广义的游蛇属（Natrix sensu lato），1960年美国学者埃德蒙·马尔纳泰（Edmond V. Malnate）将其分出。本属蛇种的半阴茎分支，最后二枚上颌齿显著地大，向后弯曲，与其前方的齿列间常有一齿间隙。陆栖，鼻间鳞前缘宽大，鼻孔侧位，背鳞有或无端窝，某些中有脊腺（颈腺），颈背常有纵沟。[2]
本属目前确认有31种：[3]
- 海南颈槽蛇 Rhabdophis adleri Zhao, 1997
- 辛加朗颈槽蛇 Rhabdophis akraios
- 颈斑颈槽蛇 Rhabdophis angeli
- 白线颈槽蛇 Rhabdophis auriculata
- 巴氏颈槽蛇 Rhabdophis barbouri
- 红斑颈槽蛇 Rhabdophis bindi [4]
- 横斑颈槽蛇 Rhabdophis callichroma
- 博氏颈槽蛇 Rhabdophis callistus
- 锡兰颈槽蛇 Rhabdophis ceylonensis
- 螭吻颈槽蛇 Rhabdophis chiwen Chen, Ding, Chen et Piao, 2020[5]
- 甘氏颈槽蛇 Rhabdophis chrysargoides
- 黄腹颈槽蛇 Rhabdophis chrysargos
- 拟红脖颈槽蛇 Rhabdophis confusus David et Vogel, 2021
- 红腹颈槽蛇 Rhabdophis conspicillatus
- 黄头颈槽蛇 Rhabdophis flaviceps
- 广东颈槽蛇 Rhabdophis guangdongensis Zhu, Wang, Takeuchi and Zhao, 2014
- 北方颈槽蛇 Rhabdophis helleri (Schmidt, 1925)
- 喜山颈槽蛇 Rhabdophis himalayanus (Günther, 1864)
- Rhabdophis hmongorum Kane, Tapley, La & Nguyen, 2023[6]
- 缅甸颈槽蛇 Rhabdophis leonardi (Wall, 1923)
- 锯纹颈槽蛇 Rhabdophis lineatus
- 穆鲁德颈槽蛇 Rhabdophis murudensis
- 黑纹颈槽蛇 Rhabdophis nigrocincta (Blyth, 1856)
- 颈槽蛇 Rhabdophis nuchalis (Boulenger, 1891)[7]
- 九龙颈槽蛇 Rhabdophis pentasupralabralis
- 绿颈槽蛇 Rhabdophis plumbicolor
- 九龙颈槽蛇 Rhabdophis pentasupralabialis Jiang and Zhao, 1983
- 蓝脖颈槽蛇 Rhabdophis rhodomelas
- 泰国颈槽蛇 Rhabdophis siamensis (Mell, 1931)
- 菲律宾颈槽蛇 Rhabdophis spilogaster
- 红脖颈槽蛇 Rhabdophis subminiatus
- 台湾颈槽蛇 Rhabdophis swinhonis (Günther, 1868)
- 虎斑颈槽蛇 Rhabdophis tigrinus (Boie, 1826)
Takeuchi, Hirohiko; Savitzky, Alan H.; Ding, Li; de Silva, Anslem; Das, Indraneil; Nguyen, Tao Thien; Tsai, Tein-Shun; Jono, Teppei; Zhu, Guang-Xiang; Mahaulpatha, Dharshani; Tang, Yezhong; Mori, Akira. Evolution of nuchal glands, unusual defensive organs of Asian natricine snakes (Serpentes: Colubridae), inferred from a molecular phylogeny. Ecology and Evolution. 2018-10, 8 (20): 10219–10232. doi:10.1002/ece3.4497. Abhijit Das, Eric N. Smith, Irvan Sidik, Goutam C. Sarker, Bitupan Boruah, Naitik G. Patel, B.H.C.K Murthy and V. Deepak. 2021. Hidden in the Plain Sight: A New Species of Rhabdophis (Serpentes: Natricinae) from the Rhabdophis himalayanus complex. Zootaxa. 5020(3); 401-433. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5020.3.1
Daniel Kane, Benjamin Tapley, Toi Van La and Luan Thanh Nguyen. 2023. A New Species of the Genus Rhabdophis Fitzinger, 1843 (Squamata: Colubridae) from the Hoang Lien Range, northwest Vietnam. Zootaxa. 5343(2); 101-125. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5343.2.1
Tan Van Nguyen and Patrick David. 2023. On the Occurrence of Rhabdophis leonardi (Wall, 1923) in Vietnam and Laos, with Preliminary Comments on the Taxonomy and Distribution of the Complex of Rhabdophis nuchalis (Squamata: Serpentes: Natricidae). Russian Journal of Herpetology. 30(4); 224-236. DOI: 10.30906/1026-2296-2023-30-4-224-236
