后棱蛇属(学名:Opisthotropis)是蛇亚目水游蛇科下的一个蛇属。
特征
后棱蛇头部扁平,头颈区分不明显;吻宽而钝圆,吻鳞宽大于高;眼中等大或小,瞳孔圆形或直立亚椭圆形;鼻孔位鼻鳞外侧上方;前额鳞一枚,宽倍于长;上颌齿细小,20-40枚,最后2枚稍大。身体呈圆柱形;鳞片光滑或具棱;背鳞15、17或19行;尾中等长,尾下鳞双行。以蚯蚓、甲壳动物等为食。[1]
物种
截止2022年6月13日,后棱蛇属下有下列25物种:[2]
- 菲律宾后棱蛇 Opisthotropis alcalai Brown & Leviton, 1961
- 香港后棱蛇 Opisthotropis andersonii (Boulenger, 1888)
- 西非后棱蛇 Opisthotropis ater Günther, 1872
- 莽山后棱蛇 Opisthotropis cheni Zhao, 1999[3]
- 菊氏后棱蛇 Opisthotropis cucae David, Cuong The Pham, Truong Quang Nguyen & Ziegler, 2011[4]
- 道氏后棱蛇 Opisthotropis daovantieni Orlov, Darevsky & Murphy, 1998[5]
- 杜氏后棱蛇 Opisthotropis durandi Teynié, Lottier, David, Nguyen & Vogel, 2014
- 广西后棱蛇 Opisthotropis guangxiensis Zhao, Jiang & Huang, 1978
- 海河后棱蛇 Opisthotropis haihaensis Ziegler, Pham, Nguyen, Nguyen, Wang, Wang, Stuart & Le, 2019
- 张氏后棱蛇 Opisthotropis hungtai Wang, Lyu, Zeng, Lin, Yang, Nguyen, Le, Ziegler & Wang, 2020
- 沙坝后棱蛇 Opisthotropis jacobi Angel & Bourret, 1933
- 菊里后棱蛇 Opisthotropis kikuzatoi (Okada & Takara, 1958)
- 挂墩后棱蛇 Opisthotropis kuatunensis Pope, 1928
- 侧条后棱蛇 Opisthotropis lateralis Boulenger, 1903
- 山溪后棱蛇 Opisthotropis latouchi (Boulenger, 1899)
- 刘氏后棱蛇 Opisthotropis laui Yang, Sung & Chan, 2013
- 黄斑后棱蛇 Opisthotropis maculosa Stuart & Chuaynkern, 2007[6]
- 福建后棱蛇 Opisthotropis maxwelli Boulenger, 1914
- 苏门答腊后棱蛇 Opisthotropis rugosa (Lidth De Jeude, 1890)
- 深圳后棱蛇 Opisthotropis shenzhenensis Wang, Guo, Liu, Lyu, Wang, Luo, Sun & Zhang, 2017
- 泰国后棱蛇 Opisthotropis spenceri Smith, 1918
- 三岛后棱蛇 Opisthotropis tamdaoensis Ziegler, David & Vu, 2008[7]
- 伊里安后棱蛇 Opisthotropis typica (Mocquard, 1890)
- 武氏后棱蛇 Opisthotropis voquyi Ziegler, David, Ziegler, Pham, Nguyen & Le, 2018
- 赵氏后棱蛇 Opisthotropis zhaoermii Ren, Wang, Jiang, Guo & Li, 2017[8]