隐孢子虫属（学名：Cryptosporidium）是顶复门的一个属，本属部分物种可感染包括人类在内的许多脊椎动物，造成隐孢子虫病，症状包括腹泻与咳嗽等[1]。
隐孢子虫属
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| 人类粪便中发现鼠隐孢子虫的卵囊 | |
科学分类 
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| 域： | 真核域 Eukaryota |
| 演化支： | 多貌生物 Diaphoretickes |
| 演化支： | TSAR 超类群 TSAR |
| 演化支： | SAR 超类群 SAR |
| 演化支： | 囊泡虫类 Alveolata |
| 门： | 顶复门 Apicomplexa |
| 纲： | 类锥体纲 Conoidasida |
| 目： | 真球虫目 Eucoccidiorida |
| 科： | 隐孢子虫科 Cryptosporidiidae |
| 属： | 隐孢子虫属 Cryptosporidium Tyzzer, 1907 |
| 异名 | |
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感染
隐孢子虫与疟原虫和弓形虫皆为顶复门的寄生虫，有别于后两者，隐孢子虫的生活史中不需中间宿主[2]。隐孢子虫病多为短期、急性的疾病，感染后隐孢子虫可生存在人类的肠道长达五周，造成腹泻等症状[1]。在体外隐孢子虫以卵囊的形式存在，对环境的抗性很高，进入人体后即可感染小肠上皮组织。造成人类隐孢子虫病的物种大多是小隐孢子虫与人隐胞子虫两种，不过犬隐孢子虫（C. canis）、猫隐孢子虫（C. felis）、火鸡隐胞子虫（C. meleagridis）与鼠隐孢子虫也可能感染人类[2]。免疫缺陷者被感染的症状一般较严重，但免疫正常者也可能被感染[2]。
基因组
下属物种
本属包括以下物种：
- Cryptosporidium andersoni Lindsay, Upton, Owens, Morgan, Mead & Blagburn, 2000
- Cryptosporidium baileyi Current, Upton & Haynes, 1986
- Cryptosporidium bovis Barker & Carbonell, 1974
- Cryptosporidium canis Fayer, Trout, Xiao, Morgan, Lal & Dubey, 2001
- Cryptosporidium cichlidis (Paperna & Vilenkin, 1996)
- Cryptosporidium cuniculus Inman & Takeuchi, 1979
- Cryptosporidium felis Iseki, 1979
- Cryptosporidium galli Pavlásek, 1999
- Cryptosporidium hominis Morgan-Ryan, Fall, Ward, Hijjawi, Sulaiman, Fayer, Thompson, Olson, Lal & Xiao, 2002
- Cryptosporidium meleagridis Slavin, 1955
- Cryptosporidium molnari Alvarez-Pellitero & Sitjà-Bobadilla, 2002
- Cryptosporidium muris Tyzzer, 1907
- Cryptosporidium nasoris Hoover, Hoerr, Carlton, Hinsman & Ferguson, 1981
- Cryptosporidium nasorum Hoover et al., 1981
- 小隐孢子虫 Cryptosporidium parvum Tyzzer, 1912
- Cryptosporidium pestis Slapeta, 2006
- Cryptosporidium reichenbachklinkei (Paperna & Vilenkin, 1996)
- Cryptosporidium scophthalmi Alvarez-Pellitero, Quiroga, Sitjà-Bobadilla, Redondo, Palenzuela, Padrós, Vázquez & Nieto, 2004
- Cryptosporidium serpentis Levine, 1980
- Cryptosporidium suis Ryan, Monis, Enemark, Sulaiman, Samarasinghe, Read, Buddle, Robertson, Zhou, Thompson & Xiao, 2004
- Cryptosporidium ubiquitum Fayer, Santin & Macarisin, 2010
- Cryptosporidium varanii Pavlásek, Lávicková, Horák, Král & Král, 1995
- Cryptosporidium viatorum Elwin, Hadfield, Robinson, Crouch & Chalmers, 2012
- Cryptosporidium wrairi Vetterling, Jervis, Merill & Sprinz, 1971
- Cryptosporidium xiaoi Fayer & Santin, 2009
参考文献
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