镍(原子量:58.6934(2))共有24个同位素,其中有5个是稳定的。
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符号
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Z
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N
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同位素质量(u) [n 1][n 2]
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半衰期 [n 1][n 2]
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衰变 方式[2]
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衰变 产物 [n 3]
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原子核 自旋[n 1]
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相对丰度 (莫耳分率)[n 2]
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相对丰度 的变化量 (莫耳分率)
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激发能量[n 2]
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48 Ni
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28
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20
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48.01975(54)#
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10# ms [>500 ns]
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|
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0+
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49 Ni
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28
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21
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49.00966(43)#
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13(4) ms [12(+5-3) ms]
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|
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7/2−#
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50 Ni
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28
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22
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49.99593(28)#
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9.1(18) ms
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β+
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50 Co
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0+
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|
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51 Ni
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28
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23
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50.98772(28)#
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30# ms [>200 ns]
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β+
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51 Co
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7/2−#
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52 Ni
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28
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24
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51.97568(9)#
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38(5) ms
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β+ (83%)
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52 Co
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0+
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|
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β+, p (17%)
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51 Fe
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53 Ni
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28
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25
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52.96847(17)#
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45(15) ms
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β+ (55%)
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53 Co
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(7/2−)#
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β+, p (45%)
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52 Fe
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54 Ni
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28
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26
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53.95791(5)
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104(7) ms
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β+
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54 Co
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0+
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|
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55 Ni
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28
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27
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54.951330(12)
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204.7(17) ms
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β+
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55 Co
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7/2−
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|
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56 Ni
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28
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28
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55.942132(12)
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6.075(10) d
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β+
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56 Co
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0+
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|
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57 Ni
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28
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29
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56.9397935(19)
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35.60(6) h
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β+
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57 Co
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3/2−
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58 Ni
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28
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30
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57.9353429(7)
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观测上稳定[n 4]
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0+
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0.680769(89)
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59 Ni
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28
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31
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58.9343467(7)
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7.6(5)×104 y
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ε (99%)
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59 Co
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3/2−
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|
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β+ (1.5x10−5%)[3]
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60 Ni
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28
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32
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59.9307864(7)
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稳定
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0+
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0.262231(77)
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61 Ni
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28
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33
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60.9310560(7)
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稳定
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3/2−
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0.011399(6)
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62 Ni [n 5]
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28
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34
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61.9283451(6)
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稳定
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0+
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0.036345(17)
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63 Ni
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28
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35
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62.9296694(6)
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100.1(20) y
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β−
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63 Cu
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1/2−
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|
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63m Ni
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87.15(11) keV
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1.67(3) µs
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5/2−
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64 Ni
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28
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36
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63.9279660(7)
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稳定
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0+
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0.009256(9)
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65 Ni
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28
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37
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64.9300843(7)
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2.5172(3) h
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β−
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65 Cu
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5/2−
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|
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65m Ni
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63.37(5) keV
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69(3) µs
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1/2−
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|
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66 Ni
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28
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38
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65.9291393(15)
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54.6(3) h
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β−
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66 Cu
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0+
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|
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67 Ni
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28
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39
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66.931569(3)
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21(1) s
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β−
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67 Cu
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1/2−
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|
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67m Ni
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1007(3) keV
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13.3(2) µs
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β−
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67 Cu
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9/2+
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IT
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67Ni
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68 Ni
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28
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40
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67.931869(3)
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29(2) s
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β−
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68 Cu
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0+
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68m1 Ni
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1770.0(10) keV
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276(65) ns
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0+
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68m2 Ni
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2849.1(3) keV
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860(50) µs
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5-
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69 Ni
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28
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41
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68.935610(4)
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11.5(3) s
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β−
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69 Cu
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9/2+
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69m1 Ni
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321(2) keV
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3.5(4) s
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β−
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69 Cu
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(1/2−)
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IT
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69Ni
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69m2 Ni
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2701(10) keV
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439(3) ns
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(17/2−)
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70 Ni
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28
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42
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69.93650(37)
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6.0(3) s
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β−
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70 Cu
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0+
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|
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70m Ni
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2860(2) keV
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232(1) ns
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8+
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71 Ni
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28
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43
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70.94074(40)
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2.56(3) s
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β−
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71 Cu
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1/2−#
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|
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72 Ni
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28
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44
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71.94209(47)
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1.57(5) s
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β− (>99.9%)
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72 Cu
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0+
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|
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β−, n (<.1%)
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71 Cu
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73 Ni
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28
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45
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72.94647(32)#
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0.84(3) s
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β− (>99.9%)
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73 Cu
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(9/2+)
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β−, n (<.1%)
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72 Cu
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74 Ni
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28
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46
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73.94807(43)#
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0.68(18) s
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β− (>99.9%)
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74 Cu
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0+
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β−, n (<.1%)
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73 Cu
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75 Ni
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28
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47
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74.95287(43)#
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0.6(2) s
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β− (98.4%)
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75 Cu
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(7/2+)#
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β−, n (1.6%)
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74 Cu
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76 Ni
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28
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48
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75.95533(97)#
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470(390) ms [0.24(+55-24) s]
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β− (>99.9%)
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76 Cu
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0+
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β−, n (<.1%)
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75 Cu
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77 Ni
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28
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49
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76.96055(54)#
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300# ms [>300 ns]
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β−
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77 Cu
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9/2+#
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|
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78 Ni
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28
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50
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77.96318(118)#
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120# ms [>300 ns]
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β−
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78 Cu
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0+
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Close
画上#号的数据代表没有经过实验的证明,仅为理论推测。
被认为会双β衰变成58Fe,半衰期超过7×1020年
- Isotope masses from Ame2003 Atomic Mass Evaluation by G. Audi, A.H. Wapstra, C. Thibault, J. Blachot and O. Bersillon in Nuclear Physics A729 (2003).
- Isotopic compositions and standard atomic masses from Atomic weights of the elements. Review 2000 (IUPAC Technical Report) (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆). Pure Appl. Chem. Vol. 75, No. 6, pp. 683-800, (2003) and Atomic Weights Revised (2005) (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆).
- Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from these sources. Editing notes on this article's talk page.
- Audi, Bersillon, Blachot, Wapstra. The Nubase2003 evaluation of nuclear and decay properties (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆), Nuc. Phys. A 729, pp. 3-128 (2003).
- National Nuclear Data Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory. Information extracted from the NuDat 2.1 database (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) (retrieved Sept. 2005).
- David R. Lide (ed.), Norman E. Holden in CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 85th Edition, online version. CRC Press. Boca Raton, Florida (2005). Section 11, Table of the Isotopes.