钙(原子量:40.078(4))共有24个同位素,其中有5个是稳定的。
Quick Facts 同位素, 衰变 ...
主要的钙同位素
同位素
|
衰变
|
|
丰度
|
半衰期 (t1/2)
|
方式
|
能量 (MeV)
|
产物
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40Ca
|
96.941%
|
稳定,带20粒中子
|
41Ca
|
痕量
|
9.94×104 年
|
ε
|
0.42164
|
41K
|
42Ca
|
0.647%
|
稳定,带22粒中子
|
43Ca
|
0.135%
|
稳定,带23粒中子
|
44Ca
|
2.086%
|
稳定,带24粒中子
|
45Ca
|
人造
|
162.61 天
|
β−
|
0.2601
|
45Sc
|
46Ca
|
0.004%
|
稳定,带26粒中子
|
47Ca
|
人造
|
4.536 天
|
β−
|
1.9921
|
47Sc
|
48Ca
|
0.187%
|
5.6×1019 年
|
β−β−
|
4.26808
|
48Ti
| |
标准原子质量 (Ar, 标准) | |
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Close
More information 符号, Z ...
符号
|
Z
|
N
|
同位素质量(u) [n 1][n 2]
|
半衰期 [n 1][n 2][n 3]
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衰变 方式[2]
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衰变 产物 [n 4]
|
原子核 自旋[n 1]
|
相对丰度 (莫耳分率)[n 2]
|
相对丰度 的变化量 (莫耳分率)
|
34 Ca
|
20
|
14
|
34.01412(32)#
|
<35 ns
|
p
|
33K
|
0+
|
|
|
35 Ca
|
20
|
15
|
35.00494(21)#
|
25.7(2) ms
|
β+ (>99.9%)
|
35K
|
1/2+#
|
|
|
β+, p (<.1%)
|
34Ar
|
36 Ca
|
20
|
16
|
35.99309(4)
|
102(2) ms
|
β+, p (56.8%)
|
35Ar
|
0+
|
|
|
β+ (43.2%)
|
36K
|
37 Ca
|
20
|
17
|
36.985870(24)
|
181.1(10) ms
|
β+, p (74.5%)
|
36Ar
|
(3/2+)
|
|
|
β+ (25.5%)
|
37K
|
38 Ca
|
20
|
18
|
37.976318(5)
|
440(8) ms
|
β+
|
38K
|
0+
|
|
|
39 Ca
|
20
|
19
|
38.9707197(20)
|
859.6(14) ms
|
β+
|
39K
|
3/2+
|
|
|
40 Ca [n 5]
|
20
|
20
|
39.96259098(22)
|
观测上稳定[n 6]
|
0+
|
0.96941(156)
|
0.96933–0.96947
|
41 Ca
|
20
|
21
|
40.96227806(26)
|
1.02(7)×105 y
|
ε
|
41K
|
7/2−
|
痕量[n 7]
|
|
42 Ca
|
20
|
22
|
41.95861801(27)
|
稳定
|
0+
|
0.00647(23)
|
0.00646–0.00648
|
43 Ca
|
20
|
23
|
42.9587666(3)
|
稳定
|
7/2−
|
0.00135(10)
|
0.00135–0.00135
|
44 Ca
|
20
|
24
|
43.9554818(4)
|
稳定
|
0+
|
0.02086(110)
|
0.02082–0.02092
|
45 Ca
|
20
|
25
|
44.9561866(4)
|
162.67(25) d
|
β−
|
45Sc
|
7/2−
|
|
|
46 Ca
|
20
|
26
|
45.9536926(24)
|
观测上稳定[n 8]
|
0+
|
4(3)×10−5
|
4×10−5–4×10−5
|
47 Ca
|
20
|
27
|
46.9545460(24)
|
4.536(3) d
|
β−
|
47Sc
|
7/2−
|
|
|
48 Ca [n 9]
|
20
|
28
|
47.952534(4)
|
43(38)×1018 y
|
β−β−[n 10]
|
48Ti
|
0+
|
0.00187(21)
|
0.00186–0.00188
|
49 Ca
|
20
|
29
|
48.955674(4)
|
8.718(6) min
|
β−
|
49Sc
|
3/2−
|
|
|
50 Ca
|
20
|
30
|
49.957519(10)
|
13.9(6) s
|
β−
|
50Sc
|
0+
|
|
|
51 Ca
|
20
|
31
|
50.9615(1)
|
10.0(8) s
|
β− (>99.9%)
|
51Sc
|
(3/2−)#
|
|
|
β−, n (<.1%)
|
50Sc
|
52 Ca
|
20
|
32
|
51.96510(75)
|
4.6(3) s
|
β− (98%)
|
52Sc
|
0+
|
|
|
β−, n (2%)
|
51Sc
|
53 Ca
|
20
|
33
|
52.97005(54)#
|
90(15) ms
|
β− (70%)
|
53Sc
|
3/2−#
|
|
|
β−, n (30%)
|
52Sc
|
54 Ca
|
20
|
34
|
53.97435(75)#
|
50# ms [>300 ns]
|
β−, n
|
53Sc
|
0+
|
|
|
β−
|
54Sc
|
55 Ca
|
20
|
35
|
54.98055(75)#
|
30# ms [>300 ns]
|
β−
|
55Sc
|
5/2−#
|
|
|
56 Ca
|
20
|
36
|
55.98557(97)#
|
10# ms [>300 ns]
|
β−
|
56Sc
|
0+
|
|
|
57 Ca
|
20
|
37
|
56.99236(107)#
|
5# ms
|
β−
|
57Sc
|
5/2−#
|
|
|
β−, n
|
56Sc
|
58 Ca
|
20
|
38
|
(57.962133)#
|
|
|
|
(0+)#
|
|
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Close
画上#号的数据代表没有经过实验的证明,仅为理论推测。
在质子数和中子数相等,且未观测到放射性衰变的核素中最重
被认为会双电子捕获成40Ar,半衰期超过5.9×1021年
被认为会双β衰变成46Ti,半衰期超过2.8×1015年
- Isotope masses from Ame2003 Atomic Mass Evaluation by G. Audi, A.H. Wapstra, C. Thibault, J. Blachot and O. Bersillon in Nuclear Physics A729 (2003).
- Isotopic compositions and standard atomic masses from Atomic weights of the elements. Review 2000 (IUPAC Technical Report) (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆). Pure Appl. Chem. Vol. 75, No. 6, pp. 683-800, (2003) and Atomic Weights Revised (2005) (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆).
- Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from these sources. Editing notes on this article's talk page.
- Audi, Bersillon, Blachot, Wapstra. The Nubase2003 evaluation of nuclear and decay properties (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆), Nuc. Phys. A 729, pp. 3-128 (2003).
- National Nuclear Data Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory. Information extracted from the NuDat 2.1 database (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) (retrieved Sept. 2005).
- David R. Lide (ed.), Norman E. Holden in CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 85th Edition, online version. CRC Press. Boca Raton, Florida (2005). Section 11, Table of the Isotopes.