西拉唑啉

西拉唑啉（INN：cirazoline）是α_1A肾上腺素受体的完全激动剂、α_1B和α_1D肾上腺素受体的部分激动剂^[1]以及α₂肾上腺素受体的非选择性拮抗剂。^[2]据信，这种特性的组合可以使西拉唑啉成为有效的血管收缩剂。^[2]

西拉唑啉
IUPAC名 2-[(2-Cyclopropylphenoxy)methyl]-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazole
识别
CAS号	59939-16-1  Y
PubChem	2765
ChemSpider	2663
SMILES	O(c1c(cccc1)C2CC2)CC/3=N/CCN\3
InChI	1/C13H16N2O/c1-2-4-12(11(3-1)10-5-6-10)16-9-13-14-7-8-15-13/h1-4,10H,5-9H2,(H,14,15)
InChIKey	YAORIDZYZDUZCM-UHFFFAOYAV
MeSH	Cirazoline
IUPHAR配体	515
性质
化学式	C13H16N2O
摩尔质量	216.279 g/mol g·mol⁻¹
若非注明，所有数据均出自标准状态（25 ℃，100 kPa）下。

据称，西拉唑啉还可以通过激活大脑下丘脑室旁核中的α₁肾上腺素受体来减少大鼠的食物摄入量。^[3]服用西拉唑啉似乎还会通过激活相同的受体来损害猴子的空间记忆。^[4][5]然而，在初步研究中，通过刺激α₂肾上腺素受体，工作记忆得到了相对改善。^[4]

参考资料

1. Horie, K; Obika, K; Foglar, R. Selectivity of the imidazoline α-adrenoceptor agonists (oxymetazoline and cirazoline) for human cloned α₁-adrenoceptor subtypes. British Journal of Pharmacology. 1995, 116 (1): 1611–8. PMC 1908909 . PMID 8564227. doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.1995.tb16381.x.
2. Ruffolo, R. R. Jr.; Waddell, J. E. Receptor interactions of imidazolines. IX. Cirazoline is an α₁ adrenergic agonist and an α₂ adrenergic antagonist. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. 1982, 222 (1): 29–36. PMID 6123592.
3. Davies, B. T.; Wellman, P. J. Effects on ingestive behavior in rats of the α₁-adrenoceptor agonist cirazoline. European Journal of Pharmacology. 1992, 210 (1): 11–16. PMID 1350985. doi:10.1016/0014-2999(92)90645-K.
4. Arnsten, A.F.T.; Jentsch, J.D. The Alpha-1 Adrenergic Agonist, Cirazoline, Impairs Spatial Working Memory Performance in Aged Monkeys. Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior. September 1997, 58 (1): 55–59. ISSN 0091-3057. PMID 9264070. S2CID 20663570. doi:10.1016/s0091-3057(96)00477-7 .
5. Imbery, Irdmusa, Speidell, Streer, Griffin, Ted E., Mitra S., Andrew P., Mark S., John D. The effects of Cirazoline, an alpha-1 adrenoreceptor agonist, on the firing rates of thermally classified anterior hypothalamic neurons in rat brain slices. Brain Research. 15 December 2007, 1193: 93–101. PMC 2268753 . PMID 18184607. doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2007.12.016.