兴都库什山(波斯语:هندوکش)是位于中亚,东西向横贯阿富汗山脉。[1]东端较高,属于帕米尔高原延伸,海拔约在4,500-6,000米,西端约为3,500-4,000米。山脉总长约966公里。
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兴都库什此名称的由来还没有统一的说法,有许多学者、作家提出不同的理论。根据最早始于伊本·白图泰的解释, “兴都库什(Hindu Kush)”常被理解为“印度人的杀手”,暗示当时印度奴隶在被强制迁徙到突厥斯坦地区时死于阿富汗山地的严酷气候 [2][3][4][5][6][a];另一些人则认为这个名称意为“印度之山”;在这种解释下,“Kush”被认为是波斯语“Kuh”(意为“山”)的变体,表明兴都库什山脉是当时阿拉伯地理学家认知的边界。[9][10]另有一些学者认为这个名称来自阿维斯陀语,意为“水山”。[11]
Hindū Kūh(ھندوکوه)与 Kūh-e Hind(کوهِ ھند)通常用来指称隔开从喀布尔河、赫尔曼德河到阿姆河中间盆地的整个区域,或者说是指座落在喀布尔河的西北方区域。
Boyle's Persian-English dictionary indicates that the suffix -koš [koʃ] is the present stem of the verb 'to kill' (koštan کشتن).[7] According to linguist Francis Joseph Steingass, the suffix -kush means 'a male; (imp. of kushtan in comp.) a killer, who kills, slays, murders, oppresses as azhdaha-kush.'[8]
Dunn, Ross E. The Adventures of Ibn Battuta. University of California Press. 2005: 171–178. ISBN 978-0-520-24385-9.
Boyle, J.A. A Practical Dictionary of the Persian Language. Luzac & Co. 1949: 129.
Francis Joseph Steingass. A Comprehensive Persian-English Dictionary. Asian Educational Services. 1992: 1030–1031 (kush means "killer, kills, slays, murders, oppresses"), p. 455 (khirs–kush means "bear killer"), p. 734 (shutur–kush means "camel butcher"), p. 1213 (mardum–kush means "man slaughter") [2021-09-05]. ISBN 978-81-206-0670-8. (原始内容存档于2022-06-15).
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