榨汁

榨汁是指人们从水果或蔬菜中提取蔬果汁的过程。

概述

榨汁的方法有很多种，例如家里人们一般手工或使用果汁机榨汁，而工厂里面的工人用工业设备榨取蔬果汁^[1]。

在哈佛进行的纵向前瞻性队列研究表明，饮用果汁会增加患2型糖尿病的风险。相比之下，直接食用水果可显著降低风险，这表明饮用果汁可能不利于预防糖尿病。 ^[2]同样直接食用苹果有助于降低胆固醇水平，而苹果汁则没有这种效果。 ^[3]

榨汁的过程会使得水果或蔬菜含有的纤维流失。^[3]即使人们在果汁中重新添加纤维，效果也不如榨汁前的水果。^[4]

美国癌症协会表示，“没有令人信服的科学证据表明榨取的果汁会比水果更健康。^[5]

[1]
Claire Reilly. Give it some juice: Breville doubles juicer sales following health doco. Current.com.au. November 29, 2011. （原始内容存档于September 1, 2012）.
[2]
Muraki, Isao; Imamura, Fumiaki; Manson, Joann E.; Hu, Frank B.; Willett, Walter C.; van Dam, Rob M.; Sun, Qi. Fruit consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes: results from three prospective longitudinal cohort studies. BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.). 2013-01-01, 347: f5001. ISSN 1756-1833. PMC 3978819 . PMID 23990623. doi:10.1136/bmj.f5001.
[3]
Ravn-Haren, Gitte; Dragsted, Lars O.; Buch-Andersen, Tine; Jensen, Eva N.; Jensen, Runa I.; Németh-Balogh, Mária; Paulovicsová, Brigita; Bergström, Anders; Wilcks, Andrea. Intake of whole apples or clear apple juice has contrasting effects on plasma lipids in healthy volunteers. European Journal of Nutrition. 2013-12-01, 52 (8): 1875–1889. ISSN 1436-6215. PMID 23271615. doi:10.1007/s00394-012-0489-z.
[4]
Wojcicki, Janet M.; Heyman, Melvin B. Reducing childhood obesity by eliminating 100% fruit juice. American Journal of Public Health. 2012-09-01, 102 (9): 1630–1633. ISSN 1541-0048. PMC 3482038 . PMID 22813423. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2012.300719.
[5]
Juicing. American Cancer Society. November 2008 [August 2013]. （原始内容存档于2015-04-28）.