爱德华·伯内斯

爱德华·伯内斯
Edward Bernays
爱德华·伯内斯; Edward Bernays
	摄于1917年
出生	Edward Bernays; 1891年11月22日; 奥匈帝国维也纳
逝世	1995年3月9日（103岁）; 美国马萨诸塞州剑桥
国籍	美国
母校	康乃尔大学（BS）
知名于	公共关系; 广告
配偶	桃乐丝·弗莱施曼（英语：Doris Fleischman）; （1922年结婚—1980年结束）
儿女	多丽丝·赫尔德; 安妮·伯纳斯（英语：Anne Bernays）
父母	安娜·佛洛伊德（母）
	科学生涯
研究领域	心理学、社会学
受影响自	古斯塔夫·勒庞; 西格蒙德·佛洛伊德; 威尔弗雷德·特罗特（英语：Wilfred Trotter）; 沃尔特·李普曼
签名

爱德华·路易斯·伯内斯（Edward Louis Bernays，1891年11月22日—1995年3月9日）是一位奥地利、犹太裔美国公共关系学家，是公共关系领域的先驱，著有《传播学》一书，有“公共关系之父”之称^[3]^[4]。

Quick Facts 爱德华·伯内斯Edward Bernays, 出生 ...

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他的学说主要受古斯塔夫·勒庞和威尔弗雷德·特罗特（英语：Wilfred Trotter）的群众心理学研究和其舅舅佛洛依德的精神分析理论所影响，认为因为“群体心理”不理性且有危害，所以对社会进行操控是必要的。《生活》杂志将其评为20世纪最有影响力的100位美国人之一。^[5]

生平

他出生于维也纳的一个犹太人家庭^[6]，母亲安娜（并不是弗洛伊德的女儿安娜，弗洛伊德的妹妹也叫安娜）是弗洛伊德的妹妹。1890年代全家移民美国^[7]，1892年定居纽约市，伯内斯在此就读德威特·克林顿高中^[8]。1912年，他自康奈尔大学毕业，获农学学位，但选择进入新闻界工作，成为了一名记者^[9]。之后又到巴黎的路易达孚工作，1912年12月返回纽约，先后做过杂志编辑、新闻代理人。一战爆发后，美国政府的公共信息委员会请他到委员会的拉丁美洲事务部（Bureau of Latin-American Affairs）工作^[10]，曾参加巴黎和会^[11]。

1922年，他和桃乐丝·弗莱施曼（英语：Doris Fleischman）结婚^[12]。桃乐丝对伯内斯的事业影响极大，很多伯内斯的作品其实是她代笔的^[13]。

参考文献

[1]
Tye (1998), p. 147. "Feeling he was too short, at 5 feet 4 inches, Eddie seemed determined to make everything else larger than life. He even inflated his name with an L., a middle initial that was not on his birth record in Vienna. It apparently stood for Louis, although even his daughters aren't sure, since he didn't like to talk about it.
[2]
Edward Bernays, 'Father of Public Relations' And Leader in Opinion Making, Dies at 103. The New York Times. 10 March 1995 [January 9, 2021]. （原始内容存档于12 November 2020）.
[3]
Edward Bernays, 'Father of Public Relations' And Leader in Opinion Making, Dies at 103. The New York Times. March 10, 1995 [2014-11-07]. （原始内容存档于2014-11-11）.
[4]
赖瑞·泰伊（英语：Larry Tye）. 大處思考 : 公關教父柏奈斯. 刘体中（译）. 台北市: 时报文化. 1999. ISBN 957-13-2937-1. OCLC 713997817. 缺少或|url=为空 (帮助)
[5]
Ewen, Stuart. Chapter 1: Visiting Edward Bernays. PR! A Social History Of Spin -Chapter 1. Basic Books. 1996. （原始内容存档于2008-09-05）.
[6]
Lavin, Maud. A literary couple's muted memoir of 1950s New York. Chicago Tribune. July 21, 2002 [2021-10-13]. （原始内容存档于2018-09-11）. Edward and his wife, Doris Fleischman, were nonpracticing, highly assimilated, wealthy German-American Jews, and Anne grew up a self-professed hothouse flower on New York's Upper East Side.
[7]
Tye (1998), p. 115.
[8]
Colford, Paul D. A Birthday Salute to the Father of Public Relations. Newsday Nassau. December 5, 1991. Part II p. 78 [February 24, 2016]. （原始内容存档于2013-07-20）.
[9]
Tye (1998), 4–5.
[10]
Tye (1998), p. 18.
[11]
Cutlip (1994), p. 165.
[12]
Cook, Joan. Doris Fleischman Bernays Dead; Pioneer Public Relations Counsel. The New York Times. July 12, 1980. Metropolitan Report p. 22 [February 24, 2016]. （原始内容存档于2018-07-23）.
[13]
Tye (1998), pp. 1–3, 123–124.

外部链接

[1] [1]
Tye (1998), p. 147. "Feeling he was too short, at 5 feet 4 inches, Eddie seemed determined to make everything else larger than life. He even inflated his name with an L., a middle initial that was not on his birth record in Vienna. It apparently stood for Louis, although even his daughters aren't sure, since he didn't like to talk about it.

[nytimes-2] [2]
Edward Bernays, 'Father of Public Relations' And Leader in Opinion Making, Dies at 103. The New York Times. 10 March 1995 [January 9, 2021]. （原始内容存档于12 November 2020）.

[3] [3]
Edward Bernays, 'Father of Public Relations' And Leader in Opinion Making, Dies at 103. The New York Times. March 10, 1995 [2014-11-07]. （原始内容存档于2014-11-11）.

[Tye中譯-4] [4]
赖瑞·泰伊（英语：Larry Tye）. 大處思考 : 公關教父柏奈斯. 刘体中（译）. 台北市: 时报文化. 1999. ISBN 957-13-2937-1. OCLC 713997817. 缺少或|url=为空 (帮助)

[5] [5]
Ewen, Stuart. Chapter 1: Visiting Edward Bernays. PR! A Social History Of Spin -Chapter 1. Basic Books. 1996. （原始内容存档于2008-09-05）.

[6] [6]
Lavin, Maud. A literary couple's muted memoir of 1950s New York. Chicago Tribune. July 21, 2002 [2021-10-13]. （原始内容存档于2018-09-11）. Edward and his wife, Doris Fleischman, were nonpracticing, highly assimilated, wealthy German-American Jews, and Anne grew up a self-professed hothouse flower on New York's Upper East Side.

[7] [7]
Tye (1998), p. 115.

[Colford_Birthday_Salute-8] [8]
Colford, Paul D. A Birthday Salute to the Father of Public Relations. Newsday Nassau. December 5, 1991. Part II p. 78 [February 24, 2016]. （原始内容存档于2013-07-20）.

[Tye4-5-9] [9]
Tye (1998), 4–5.

[10] [10]
Tye (1998), p. 18.

[11] [11]
Cutlip (1994), p. 165.

[nytobit-12] [12]
Cook, Joan. Doris Fleischman Bernays Dead; Pioneer Public Relations Counsel. The New York Times. July 12, 1980. Metropolitan Report p. 22 [February 24, 2016]. （原始内容存档于2018-07-23）.

[tye-13] [13]
Tye (1998), pp. 1–3, 123–124.

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