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巴林中央银行（英语：Central Bank of Bahrain，简称CBB），系巴林王国之中央银行，设立于2006年，总部位于首都麦纳麦[1]。其属于一个公共法人实体，负责维持巴林王国的货币稳定，而同时作为巴林金融业的唯一监管机构，其职责范围也覆盖了全国的银行业，保险业，投资业务与资本市场活动。[6]
1971年8月14日，巴林从英国独立。到了1973年，巴林埃米尔发布法令，设立巴林货币管理局行使央行与金融监管职能[6]。巴林货币管理局一直持续运作了33年。
直到2006年9月6日，巴林国王颁布了《2006年第64号法令》（Decree No. (64) of 2006），即日起施行《巴林中央银行与金融机构法》（The Central Bank of Bahrain and Financial Institutions Law 2006，简称CBB Law)），并废除原来以《1973年第23号法令》（Decree No.(23) of 1973）颁布实施的《巴林货币管理局法》（BMA Law）[7]。此举确立了巴林中央银行为巴林货币管理局的继任机构，新设立的央行成为巴林王国金融服务业的单一监管机构，与原货币局相比，其加强了自身的独立性，简化了监管程序，并扩大了权力范围[8]。
巴林中央银行依《巴林中央银行与金融机构法》之规定，被授以追求实现之目标有[9]：
- 制定与执行货币政策，信贷政策以及其他金融机构相关政策；
- 向王国政府以及金融机构提供有效的央行服务；
- 发展国内之金融业；
- 保护存款人及金融服务消费者之利益，提高巴林作为国际金融中心之信誉；
巴林中央银行依《巴林中央银行与金融机构法》之规定，被赋予之职权包括[10]：
- 发行国家货币；
- 实施适度宽松的货币政策，以保持货币与王国货币体系之稳定；
- 采取适当措施应对区域及国际经济环境之变化；
- 规范与开发金融机构，受理执照发予事务，并监管其活动；
- 作为政府的银行；
- 担任政府之经济事务顾问；
- 管理政府之黄金及外汇储备；
- 代表王国政府参与国际经济事务；
- 促进及鼓励金融服务行业之创新；
- 维护持牌金融机构对客户的合法权益；
- 其他依法应履行之事务。
巴林中央银行最高决策机构为董事会，其依法应由七人组成，其中应包括一名财政部之代表。而全部的七名成员皆由巴林国王任命，每任四年（可连任）[11]。巴林中央银行行长则由国王根据董事之建议任命，每任5年（可连任）[12]。
以下为巴林中央银行组织架构图[13][14]：
More information 巴林中央银行董事会成员列表(2008-2012年届)[15], 职位 ...
| 巴林中央银行董事会成员列表(2008-2012年届)[15]
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| 职位 |
名字
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| 主席 |
卡西姆·穆罕默德·法赫鲁
Qassim Mohammed Fakhro
قاسم محمد فخرو
|
副主席
(行长) |
拉希德·穆罕默德·马拉吉
Rasheed Mohammed Al Maraj
رشيد محمد المعراج
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| 成员 |
优素福·阿卜杜拉·哈穆德
Yousif Abdulla Humood
يوسف عبدالله حمود
|
扎卡利亚·赫杰雷斯
Zakaria Hejres
زكريا هجرس
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穆罕默德·侯赛因·耶泰埃姆
Mohammed Hussain Yateem
محمد حسين يتيم
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谢赫穆罕默德·本·哈利法·本·艾哈迈德·阿勒哈利法
Shaikh Mohammed bin Khalifa bin Ahmed Al Khalifa
سعادة الشيخ محمد بن خليفة بن أحمد آل خليفة
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Contact Us of Central Bank of Bahrain. 巴林中央银行官网. [2014-11-28]. （原始内容存档于2018-09-07） （英语）. Central Bank of Bahrain, King Faisal Highway, Diplomatic Area , Block 317, Road 1702, Building 96, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain.
哈迈德·本·伊萨·本·萨勒曼·阿勒哈利法. 《The Central Bank of Bahrain and Financial Institutions Law》 (PDF). 巴林国王签署生效: 第一部分第二章第十一节. 2006-09-06 [2014-11-30]. （原始内容 (pdf)存档于2014-03-27） （英语）. 原文为阿拉伯文，(a) The authorized capital of the Central Bank shall be Bahraini Dinars Five hundred million (BD 500,000,000). (b) The paid up capital of the Central Bank shall be Bahraini Dinars Two hundred million (BD 200,000,000). (c) The authorized capital and the paid up capital may be increased by a royal decree. (d) The Government shall pay the capital of the Central Bank in full and shall be the sole owner thereof.
Profile of The Central Bank of Bahrain. 巴林中央银行官网. [2014-11-30]. （原始内容存档于2014-10-27） （英语）. The Central Bank of Bahrain ('CBB') is a public corporate entity established by the Central Bank of Bahrain and Financial Institutions Law 2006. It was created on 6th September 2006. The CBB is responsible for maintaining monetary and financial stability in the Kingdom of Bahrain. It succeeded the Bahrain Monetary Agency, which had previously carried out central banking and regulatory functions since its establishment in 1973 (shortly after Bahrain secured full independence from Great Britain). The CBB inherits the BMA's 33-year track record and wide range of responsibilities. It implements the Kingdom's monetary and foreign exchange rate policies, manages the government's reserves and debt issuance, issues the national currency and oversees the country's payments and settlement systems. It is also the sole regulator of Bahrain's financial sector, covering the full range of banking, insurance, investment business and capital markets activities. The CBB's wide scope of responsibilities allows a consistent policy approach to be undertaken across the whole of the Kingdom's financial sector. It also provides a straightforward and efficient regulatory framework for financial services firms operating in Bahrain.
哈迈德·本·伊萨·本·萨勒曼·阿勒哈利法. 《DECREE NO . (64) OF 2006》 (PDF). 巴林国王签署生效: 1–2页. 2006-09-06 [2014-11-30]. （原始内容 (pdf)存档于2014-03-27） （英语）. 原文为阿拉伯文：Article 1:(The provisions of the attached law shall be implemented with respect to the Central Bank of Bahrain and the financial institutions.)；Article 2:(Legislative Decree No.23 of 1973 establishing the Bahrain Monetary Agency and Legislative Decree No.17 of 1987 regarding insurance companies and organizations; are hereby repealed and so any other provision that contradicts the provisions of the attached Law.)
CBB Law. 巴林中央银行官网. [2014-11-30]. （原始内容存档于2018-09-07） （英语）. The Central Bank of Bahrain and Financial Institutions Law 2006 ('CBB Law') was promulgated on 6 September 2006 with the issuance of Decree No. (64) of 2006.Decree No. 64 implemented the CBB Law and repealed the BMA Law of 1973 as well as the Insurance Law of 1987. The CBB Law established the Central Bank of Bahrain as the successor organisation of the Bahrain Monetary Agency. It also set out the CBB's mandate, governance and powers.The CBB Law provides enhanced enforcement powers to the CBB as well as reinforces its operational independence. Other highlights include an expanded range of powers with respect to the regulation of the capital markets and the offering of securities (Parts 4 and 5), including the creation of the statutory offences of insider trading and market abuse. Part 6 of the CBB Law provides, for the first time, a legal basis under Bahrain law for close-out netting.The CBB Law represents a significant modernization and simplification of Bahrain's financial services legislation, as well as marks the final stage in the creation of a single regulator for Bahrain's financial services industry.
哈迈德·本·伊萨·本·萨勒曼·阿勒哈利法. 《The Central Bank of Bahrain and Financial Institutions Law》 (PDF). 巴林国王签署生效: 第一部分第一章第三节. 2006-09-06 [2014-11-30]. （原始内容 (pdf)存档于2014-03-27） （英语）. 原文为阿拉伯文，The Central Bank shall pursue the following objectives within the framework of the general economic policy of the Kingdom in a manner that enhances and develops the national economy: (1) set and implement the monetary, credit and other financial sector policies for the Kingdom. (2) provide effective central banking services to the Government and the financial sector of the Kingdom. (3) develop the financial sector and enhance confidence therein.. (4) protect the interests of depositors and the customers of the financial institutions, and enhance the Kingdom’s credibility as an international financial centre.
哈迈德·本·伊萨·本·萨勒曼·阿勒哈利法. 《The Central Bank of Bahrain and Financial Institutions Law》 (PDF). 巴林国王签署生效: 第一部分第一章第五节第一条. 2006-09-06 [2014-11-30]. （原始内容 (pdf)存档于2014-03-27） （英语）. 原文为阿拉伯文，The Central Bank shall have a Board of Directors formed of seven members, including a representative of the Ministry of Finance. Members of the Board shall be appointed by a Royal Decree for a renewable term of four years. The Decree appointing the members shall name the Chairman and the Vice chairman of the Board.
巴林 麦纳麦
