![cover image](https://wikiwandv2-19431.kxcdn.com/_next/image?url=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Apocynum_venetum_1.jpg/640px-Apocynum_venetum_1.jpg&w=640&q=50)
夹竹桃亚科
龍膽目夾竹桃科植物五個亞科之一 / 维基百科,自由的 encyclopedia
夹竹桃亚科(学名:Apocynoideae)是龙胆目夹竹桃科之下一个被子植物的亚科,大约由78个属、860个物种所组成。这个亚科有几个属具有药理意义——羊角拗属(Strophanthus)的物种,由于它们的强心苷含量[3],使它们成为了高效箭毒的供应源。这个亚科亦包括许多具有相当观赏价值的花种,当中最著名的是夹竹桃(Nerium oleander,单型属)。其他物种还包括 the remarkable pachycaul(英语:pachycaul) genera 天宝花属(Adenium)及棒锤树属(Pachypodium)。
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Strophanthus_speciosus02.jpg/640px-Strophanthus_speciosus02.jpg)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/-Nerium_oleander.jpg/640px--Nerium_oleander.jpg)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Chonemorpha_fragrans_-_Franginpani_vine_flowers1.jpg/640px-Chonemorpha_fragrans_-_Franginpani_vine_flowers1.jpg)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Pentalinon_luteum.jpg/320px-Pentalinon_luteum.jpg)
分类
Quick Facts 夹竹桃亚科, 科学分类 ...
夹竹桃亚科![]() | |
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罗布麻(Apocynum venetum) | |
科学分类 ![]() | |
界: | 植物界 Plantae |
演化支: | 维管植物 Tracheophyta |
演化支: | 被子植物 Angiosperms |
演化支: | 真双子叶植物 Eudicots |
演化支: | 菊类植物 Asterids |
目: | 龙胆目 Gentianales |
科: | 夹竹桃科 Apocynaceae |
亚科: | 夹竹桃亚科 Apocynoideae Burnett(英语:Gilbert Thomas Burnett)[1] |
族 | |
六个族[2]
较新的分类分为九个族,还包括夹竹桃族(Nerieae)、Odontadenieae和Rhabdadenieae(英语:Rhabdadenieae),详见内文 |
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夹竹桃亚科的各属与物种尚可再归类为下列九个族:
- 罗布麻族 Apocyneae
24属,夹猫桃族未分离前属于本族;
- 清明花属 Beaumontia Wall. (5 species)
- 富宁藤属 Parepigynum Tsiang & P.T.Li(单型属)
- 纽子花属 Vallaris Burm.f.
- 鳝藤属 Anodendron A.DC.
- Ixodonerium Pit.
- Papuechites Markgr.
- Amphineurion (A.DC.) Pichon
- 毛药藤属 Sindechites Oliv.
- Streptoechites D.J. Middleton & Livsh.
- 罗布麻属 Apocynum L.
- Cleghornia Wight
- Aganonerion Pierre ex Spire
- 长节珠属 Parameria Benth.
- 水壶藤属 Urceola Roxb.
- 鹿角藤属 Chonemorpha G.Don
- 络石属 Trachelospermum Lem.
- Vallariopsis Woodson
- 香花藤属 Aganosma (Blume) G.Don
- 毛车藤属 Amalocalyx Pierre
- Baharuia D.J.Middleton
- 思茅藤属 Epigynum Wight
- 腰骨藤属 Ichnocarpus R.Br.
- 小花藤属 Micrechites Miq.
- 帘子藤属 Pottsia Hook. & Arn.[4]
- 金平藤族 Baisseeae (4属)
- 金平藤属 Baissea A.DC. (18 个物种)
- 螺钉藤属 Dewevrella De Wild.
- 毫药藤属 Motandra A.DC.
- Oncinotis Benth. (7 个物种)
- 胶藤族 Echiteae (23属)
- Angadenia Miers
- Artia Guillaumin
- Asketanthera Woodson
- Bahiella J.F.Morales
- Echites P.Browne
- Ecua D.J.Middleton
- Fernaldia Woodson
- 雨冕花属 Hylaea J.F.Morales
- 乔木雨冕花 Hylaea arborescens (Monach.) J.F.Morales
- 雨冕花 Hylaea leptoloba (Monach.) J.F.Morales
- 美冕藤属 Laubertia A.DC.
- 美冕藤 Laubertia boissieri A.DC.
- 巴西美冕藤 Laubertia brasiliensis J.F.Morales
- 扭管美冕藤 Laubertia contorta (M.Martens & Galeotti) Woodson
- 白花美冕藤 Laubertia peninsularis Woodson
- Laubertia urechites Griseb. ex Miers
- 扇胶藤属 Macropharynx Rusby
- 同心结属 Parsonsia R.Br. (120 个物种; 不属于Periplocoideae(英语:Periplocoideae))
- Peltastes Woodson
- Pentalinon Voigt
- Prestonia R.Br.
- Rhodocalyx Müll.Arg. in Mart.
- 鹃号花属 Salpinctes Woodson
- Temnadenia Miers
- Thenardia Kunth, 1818
- 小花伞结藤 Thenardia chiapensis J.K.Williams
- 伞结藤 Thenardia floribunda Kunth
- 短梗伞结藤 Thenardia galeottiana Baill.
- 壶结藤属 Thoreauea J.K.Williams, 2002[5]
- 小叶壶结藤 Thoreauea aberrans J.F.Morales
- 波冕壶结藤 Thoreauea guerrerensis Diego & Lozada-Pérez
- 壶结藤 Thoreauea paneroi J.K.Williams
- 鱼鳃木族 Malouetieae (13属)
- Allowoodsonia Markgr.
- Carruthersia Seem.
- Eucorymbia Stapf
- Funtumia Stapf
- Galactophora Woodson
- 止泻木属 Holarrhena R.Br. (4种)
- 倒缨木属 Kibatalia G.Don
- 鱼鳃木属 Malouetia A.DC.
- Malouetiella Pichon
- Mascarenhasia A.DC.
- Neobracea Britton
- 棒锤树属 Pachypodium Lindl. (18 to 25 species)
- Spirolobium Baill.[6]
- 翠心藤族 Mesechiteae (50属)
- Allomarkgrafia Woodson
- 犬乳藤属 Forsteronia G.Mey. (50 个物种)
- 飘香藤属 Mandevilla Lindl. (115 个物种)
- 翠心藤属 Mesechites Müll.Arg.
- 响钟藤属 Tintinnabularia Woodson, 1936[7]
- 短丝响钟藤 Tintinnabularia gratissima J.F.Morales
- Tintinnabularia hondurensis J.K.Williams
- 响钟藤 Tintinnabularia mortonii Woodson
- 露尖响钟藤 Tintinnabularia murallensis J.K.Williams
- 夹竹桃族 Nerieae (6属)
- 天宝花属 Adenium Roem. & Schult.
- 铁灵藤属 Alafia Thouars
- 渔网菜属 Farquharia Stapf, 192
- 羊角菜属 Isonema R.Br., 1810
- 夹竹桃属 Nerium L.(单型属)
- 羊角拗属 Strophanthus DC. (38 species)
- 齿腺藤族 Odontadenieae (7属)
- Cycladenia Benth.
- 虬荚藤属 Elytropus Müll.Arg., 1860
- 虬荚藤 Elytropus chilensis (A. DC.) Müll. Arg.
- Odontadenia Benth.
- Pinochia B.F.Hansen & M.E.Endress
- Secondatia A.DC.
- Stipecoma Müll.Arg.
- 布麻藤属 Thyrsanthella (Baill.) Pichon
- 布麻藤 Thyrsanthella difformis (Walter) Pichon, 1948,基异名:Echites difformis Walter
- 红树藤族 Rhabdadenieae(英语:Rhabdadenieae)(单型)
- 红树藤属 Rhabdadenia Müll.Arg.
- 倒吊笔族 Wrightieae (3属)
- Pleioceras Baill.
- 凌波木属 Stephanostema K.Schum., 1904
- 凌波木 Stephanostema stenocarpum K.Schum., 1904
- 倒吊笔属 Wrightia R.Br.(23 species)[8]
图库
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Aganonerion polymorphum(英语:Aganonerion polymorphum)
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Aganosma cymosa(英语:Aganosma cymosa)
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Alafia caudata(英语:Alafia caudata) subsp. latiloba
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Amphineurion marginatum(英语:Amphineurion marginatum)
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Chonemorpha fragrans side view of flowers
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Cycladenia humilis(英语:Cycladenia humilis) var. jonesii
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Echites umbellatus(英语:Echites umbellatus)
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Elytropus chilensis(英语:Elytropus)
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Fernaldia pandurata(英语:Fernaldia pandurata) (harvested, edible, hairy flowers)
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Funtumia elastica(英语:Funtumia elastica), former rubber source
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Holarrhena pubescens (detail)
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Kibatalia blancoi
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Mandevilla sanderi(英语:Mandevilla sanderi)
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Mascarenhasia arborescens,过往用于采橡胶的树种;,
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Mesechites trifida
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Odontadenia macrantha(英语:Odontadenia macrantha)
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Pachypodium lamerei(英语:Pachypodium lamerei), a pachycaul(英语:pachycaul) species
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Pachypodium lamerei(英语:Pachypodium lamerei), close-up
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Parsonsia diaphanophleba(英语:Parsonsia diaphanophleba)
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Parsonsia diaphanophleba, single flower
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Parsonsia straminea(英语:Parsonsia straminea)
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Prestonia coalita
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Rhabdadenia madida
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Stephanostema stenocarpa(英语:Stephanostema) (flowers v. small relative to foliage)
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Strophanthus speciosus(英语:Strophanthus speciosus)
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Temnadenia odorifera
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Thyrsanthella difformis(英语:Thyrsanthella difformis)
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Urceola elastica
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Vallaris glabra
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Wrightia tinctoria(英语:Wrightia tinctoria)
参考文献
- Reveal, J.L. Newly required infrafamilial names mandated by changes in the Code of Nomenclature For Algae, Fungi, and Plants. Phytoneuron. 2012, 33: 1–32. ISSN 2153-733X.
- Family: Apocynaceae Juss., nom. cons. subfam. Apocynoideae. Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. 2007-04-12 [2010-11-26]. (原始内容存档于2010-05-29).
Chisholm, Hugh (编). Strophanthus. Encyclopædia Britannica 25 (第11版). London: Cambridge University Press: 1041–1042. 1911.
- GRIN Genera of Apocynaceae tribe Apocyneae. Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. [2010-11-26]. (原始内容存档于2015-09-24).
- GRIN Genera of Apocynaceae tribe Echiteae. Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. [2010-11-26]. (原始内容存档于2015-09-24).
- GRIN Genera of Apocynaceae tribe Malouetieae. Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. [2010-11-26]. (原始内容存档于2015-09-24).
- GRIN Genera of Apocynaceae tribe Mesechiteae. Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. [2010-11-26]. (原始内容存档于2015-09-24).
- GRIN Genera of Apocynaceae tribe Wrightieae. Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. [2010-11-26]. (原始内容存档于2015-09-24).