生平
桀身体强壮,能够赤手空拳搏虎豹。后世的文献将他描述成一个昏君:他宠信王后妺喜,对政事不闻不问之余,还大量残杀忠良,以炮烙杀大臣关龙逢[1]。《通鉴外纪》记载:“桀作瑶台,罢民力,殚民财。为酒池糟堤,纵靡靡之乐,一鼓而牛饮者三千人。”结果商汤起兵,〈汤誓〉说:“有夏多罪,天命殛之”,于是桀逃到鸣条(今山西安邑);在鸣条之战,桀战败,夏朝就此灭亡[2]。之后,他被流放至南巢(今安徽省巢湖市)[3]。桀哀叹说:“孤悔不遂杀汤于夏台使至此。”不久病死,后世有“殷鉴不远,在夏后之世”的说法。
后代
参见
参考文献
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