冈多法勒斯一世过世之后，他的王国开始分裂。“冈多法勒斯”（或是名字，或是头衔）由沙佩东尼斯（英语：Sarpedones）（或许是冈多法勒斯之子）继承，称为冈多法勒斯二世。虽然沙佩东尼斯自称是主要统治者，但他的政权并不稳固，他曾在信德、旁遮普东部、和阿富汗南部的阿拉霍西亚零星的铸造过钱币。最重要的继任者应该是贡多法列斯的侄子阿巴达哥希斯一世（英语：Abdagases I），他统治的领土包括旁遮普，可能还包括根据地锡斯坦。沙佩东尼斯的统治时间不长，沙佩东尼斯似乎由奥尔塔涅斯（英语：Orthagnes）接替，后者成为冈多法勒斯三世。到公元20年后，由一位名为萨希斯（英语：Sases）（也称为冈多法勒斯四世萨希斯）的国王统治。根据《印度-帕提亚王朝钱币及历史（Indo-Scythian coins and history）》一书的作者Robert C. Senior的说法，这位萨希斯就是塔克特依巴依僧院铭文中所提到的冈多法勒斯。[8]
一些古代著作提及这个地区有印度-帕提亚人的存在，例如使徒多马的故事，他被聘为木匠，到印度国王“古德纳法尔（Gudnaphar）”（被认为就是冈多法勒斯）的宫中工作。《多马行传（英语：Acts of Thomas）》第17章描述多马前往印度北部拜见古德纳法尔国王；第2章和第3章描述多马经过海路前往印度，从而推论他是在公元52年抵达印度的西岸。
Robert C. Senior指出，[10]这位古德纳法尔国王通常被认为是第一任的冈多法勒斯，而这位冈多法勒斯的存在是在基督教出现之后，而根据Senior的研究表显示历史上第一位冈多法勒斯在公元1年之前即已存在。因之多马可能拜见的是另一位拥有相同名讳的国王。
The chronology of the Gondopharid kings has long been uncertain, predominantly based on coins. This reconstruction is based on "Indo-Scythian Coins and History IV" by Robert Senior, CNG 2006, as the four volumes of Senior's work provide an almost complete catalogue of the coinage of the period. Senior's chronology is based on the existence of only one king Azes, a theory that was vindicated when it was shown that a coin of the so-called Azes II was overstruck with a type attributed to Azes I (see Senior, "The final nail in the coffin of Azes II", Journal of the Oriental Numismatic Society 197, 2008).
A votive inscription of the 26th year of Guduvhara or Gondophares, is reported to have been found on a stone at Takht-i-Bahi, northeast of Peshawar with a date in the year 103 of an unspecified era reckoning. This era is likely to have been the Malva or Vikrama era, founded in 57 BCE, this would give a date of 20 CE for this king's ascension (see Hindu calendar). The stone was formerly in the museum at Lahore. The point is especially important for those Christians who consider that a germ of history is embedded in the Acts of Thomas.
"I have already described the way in which the city is walled, but they say that it was divided up into narrow streets in the same irregular manner as in Athens, and that the houses were built in such a way that if you look at them from outside they had only one story, while if you went into one of them, you at once found subterranean chambers extending as far below the level of the earth as did the chambers above." (Life of Apollonius Tyana, II 23) （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
"Parthians, from about the 1st century AD, seem to have preferred to show off their carefully tonsured hair, usually only wearing a fillet of thick ribbon; before then, the Scythian cap or bashlyk was worn more frequently". In "Parthians and Sassanid Parthians" Peter Willcox ISBN0-85045-688-6, p12
Pierfrancesco Gallieri, in "Crossroads of Asia": "The parallels are so striking that it is not excluded that the objects discovered in Taxila and dated to between the 1st century BCE and the 1st century CE were in reality produced earlier, maybe by artisans who had followed the Greeks kings during their retreat from Bactria to India" p211 (in French in the original)
"Let us remind that in Sirkap, stone palettes were found at all excavated levels. On the contrary, neither Bhir-Mound, the Maurya city preceding Sirkap on the Taxila site, nor Sirsukh, the Kushan city succeeding her, did deliver any stone palettes during their excavations", in "Les palettes du Gandhara", p89. "The terminal point after which such palettes are not manufactured anymore is probably located during the Kushan period. In effect, neither Mathura nor Taxila (although the Sirsukh had only been little excavated), nor Begram, nor Surkh Kotal, neither the great Kushan archaeological sites of Soviet Central Asia or Afghanistan have yielded such objects. Only four palettes have been found in Kushan-period archaeological sites. They come from secondary sites, such as Garav Kala and Ajvadz in Soviet Tajikistan and Jhukar, in the Indus Valley, and Dalverzin Tepe. They are rather roughly made." In "Les Palettes du Gandhara", Henri-Paul Francfort, p91. (in French in the original)
书籍
"Les Palettes du Gandhara", Henri-Paul Francfort, Diffusion de Boccard, Paris, 1979
"Reports on the campaigns 1956–1958 in Swat (Pakistan)", Domenico Faccenna
"Sculptures from the sacred site of Butkara I", Domenico Faccena
Bivar, A. D. H. 存档副本. Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. XI, Fasc. 2: 135–136. 2002 [2021-07-23]. （原始内容存档于2014-05-03）. |article=和|title=只需其一 (帮助)
Olbrycht, Marek Jan. Dynastic Connections in the Arsacid Empire and the Origins of the House of Sāsān. Curtis, Vesta Sarkhosh; Pendleton, Elizabeth J.; Alram, Michael; Daryaee, Touraj (编). The Parthian and Early Sasanian Empires: Adaptation and Expansion. Oxbow Books. 2016. ISBN 9781785702082.
狩猎
狂欢
一对夫妇
