为了便于齿轮各部分尺寸的计算,在齿轮上选择一个作为计算的基准,(该圆为假想存在)称该圆为齿轮的分度圆(reference circle 或pitch circle)。用分度圆来切割齿轮,会使得齿隙弧长和齿厚弧长相等。分度圆用d字母表示,计算公式为d=mz(m:齿轮模数,z:齿数)。另外,齿轮上还由齿顶圆(da)、齿根圆(df)等组成。

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