we regard the chemical atom as an aggregation of a number of primordial atoms, the problem of finding the configurations of stable equilibrium for a number
University Press. 2002. ISBN 978-0691095523. Smirnov, Boris M., Physics of Atoms and Ions, Springer: 14–21, 2003, ISBN 038795550X Geiger, Hans; Marsden
Microscope Offers Glimpse Of Quirky Ultracold Atoms (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆). ScienceDaily. 4 November 2009. J. Clerk Maxwell. Theory of Heat. Mineola: Dover Publications