的根源源於18世紀晚期的雅各賓(英语:Jacobin (politics))運動,在其極權主義性質中看到了法西斯國家的预兆。歷史學家格爾奧格·摩瑟同樣將法西斯主義分析為法國大革命大眾意識形態(英语:Mass movement (politics))和公民宗教的繼承者,以及1914-1918年社會殘酷化的結果。
Repetition? The Rise, Fall, and Reprise of Soviet-Russian Military Interventionism, 1973–1996. MIT Press. 1999 [2021-08-16]. ISBN 9780262522571. OCLC 40074017
in accounts of the United States culture, politics and history. But the connection between imperial politics and culture in North America, and in particular