American Society of Interventional Pain Physicians

Manchikanti（英语：Laxmaiah Manchikanti）於1998年創立的美國介入性疼痛管理醫師協會（英语：American Society of Interventional Pain Physicians）(ASIPP)，這個協會僅接受介入性疼痛管理專業人員加入為會員。 當使用藥物無法控制生長中腫瘤，例如在癌症骨轉移（英语：bone

low back pain: a review of the evidence for an American Pain Society/American College of Physicians clinical practice guideline. Annals of Internal Medicine

doi:10.1102/1470-7330.2012.0006.  American College of Chest Physicians; American Thoracic Society. Five Things Physicians and Patients Should Question. Choosing