chemical oceanography

物理海洋学，或稱海洋物理學，研究海洋的物理屬性，包括溫度-鹽度結構、混合層、表面波、內波、表面潮汐、內部潮汐和洋流。 化学海洋学（英语：chemical oceanography），或稱海洋化學，是研究和了解海水特性及其變化的基礎;海洋網絡則以地球化學循環（英语：Geochemical cycle）為基礎。

Chemistry: Chemical Equilibria and Rates in Natural Waters. New York: Wiley. 1980. ISBN 978-0-471-51185-4.  Millero, F.J. Chemical Oceanography 3rd. London:

WATER OF RECENT ANOXIC MARINE SEDIMENTS. Limnology and Oceanography（英语：Limnology and Oceanography） (John Wiley & Sons, Ltd). January 1973, 18 (1): 86–94

Emerson, Steven; Hedges, John. Chapter 4: Carbonate chemistry. Chemical Oceanography and the Marine Carbon Cycle 1. Cambridge University Press. 2008-04-24

"Anoxic basins and fjords", in Riley, J.P., and Skirrow, G. (eds) Chemical Oceanography, London, Academic Press, 611-643. Sarmiento, J. L.; Herbert, T.