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Encyclopedia of Casualty and Other Figures, 1492-2015. 2017: 378.  Hans Schmidt. The United States Occupation of Haiti, 1915–1934. Rutgers University Press.

Montréal 1995 Valdman, Albert. Creole: The National Language of Haiti. Footsteps (Indiana University Creole Institute): 36–39. [2015-06-03]. （原始内容存档于2015-07-13）

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（原始内容存档 (PDF)于2015-07-31）.  Valdman, Albert. The Use of Creole as a School Medium and Decreolization in Haiti. Zuanelli Sonino, Elisabetta (编). Literacy in School

Report – Haiti Human Rights Investigation, 11–21 November 2004 – By Thomas M. Griffin, ESQ. – Center for the Study of Human Rights, University of Miami School