配子體某些多細胞的綠藻、紅藻或褐藻(例如石蓴)中,配子體與孢子體的形態相同,但有些物種的配子體則是退化的。 孢子體 世代交替 藏卵器 藏精器 Ralf Reski (1998): Development, genetics and molecular biology of mosses. In: Botanica
孢子体官颈卵器。卵母细胞产生的卵细胞在颈卵器中受精。雄性配子体即花粉粒产生具有双鞭毛可游泳的精子。合子(受精卵)仍然在子房内发育下一代的孢子体。 Ralf Reski (1998): Development, genetics and molecular biology of mosses. In: Botanica
原生质体PMID 17914178. doi:10.1007/s12033-007-0031-3. S.C. Bhatla, Justine Kiessling, Ralf Reski (2002): of polarity induction by cytochemical localization of phenylalkylamine-binding
培养皿培养基 Petri dish (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) in the American Heritage Dictionary. Reski , Ralf . Development, genetics and molecular biology of mosses (PDF). Botanica
组学doi:10.3390/radiation2010009 . Holtorf, Hauke; Guitton, Marie-Christine; Reski , Ralf . Plant functional genomics. Naturwissenschaften. 2002, 89 (6): 235–249