視網膜母細胞瘤蛋白

視網膜母細胞瘤蛋白（英語：retinoblastoma protein，常縮寫為Rb、RB或RB1）又譯為成視網膜細胞瘤蛋白是一種抑癌蛋白，並在幾種主要的癌症發生時失活^[6]。Rb的功能之一是通過抑制細胞周期進程直到細胞準備妥當來防止細胞過度生長。當細胞準備好要分裂時，Rb蛋白會被磷酸化為pRb而失去抑制活性，從而使細胞周期進行下去。

視網膜母細胞瘤蛋白
已知的結構 PDB 直系同源搜尋: PDBe RCSB PDBID列表 1AD6、​1GH6、​1GUX、​1H25、​1N4M、​1O9K、​1PJM、​2AZE、​2QDJ、​2R7G、​3N5U、​3POM、​4ELJ、​4ELL、​4CRI
識別號
別名	RB1；, pRb, RB, retinoblastoma 1, OSRC, PPP1R130, p105-Rb, pp110, Retinoblastoma protein, RB transcriptional corepressor 1, p110-RB1
外部ID	OMIM：614041 MGI：97874 HomoloGene：272 GeneCards：RB1
相關疾病
膀胱癌、​lung small cell carcinoma、​familial retinoblastoma[1]
基因位置（人類） 染色體 13號染色體[2] 基因座 13q14.2 起始 48,303,744 bp[2] 終止 48,599,436 bp[2]
基因位置（小鼠） 染色體 小鼠14號染色體[3] 基因座 14 38.73 cM|14 D3 起始 73,421,113 bp[3] 終止 73,563,262 bp[3]
RNA表達模式
查閱更多表達數據
基因本體 分子功能 • DNA結合 • DNA結合轉錄因子活性 • 轉錄共活化因子活性 • 轉錄因子結合 • 磷蛋白結合 • 激酶結合 • 血漿蛋白結合 • 雄激素受體結合 • 相同蛋白質結合 • 酶結合 • 泛素蛋白連接酶結合 • importin-α家族蛋白結合 • 無序域特異性結合 • 核心啟動子近端區域序列特異性DNA結合 • DNA結合轉錄阻遏物活性，RNA聚合酶II特異性 細胞組分 • PML body • SWI/SNF complex • 轉錄調節複合物 • 紡錘體 • cyclin/CDK positive transcription elongation factor complex • 染色質 • 細胞核 • 核質 • Rb-E2F complex 生物學過程 • negative regulation of cell population proliferation • negative regulation of mitotic cell cycle • neuron apoptotic process • androgen receptor signaling pathway • 染色體重建 • negative regulation of smoothened signaling pathway • negative regulation of protein kinase activity • cell morphogenesis involved in neuron differentiation • mitotic cell cycle checkpoint signaling • regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II • positive regulation of macrophage differentiation • cellular response to xenobiotic stimulus • negative regulation of cell cycle • negative regulation of DNA-binding transcription factor activity • transcription, DNA-templated • glial cell apoptotic process • regulation of cohesin loading • regulation of cell cycle • neuron maturation • 細胞分裂 • positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated • negative regulation of G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle • positive regulation of mitotic metaphase/anaphase transition • regulation of centromere complex assembly • enucleate erythrocyte differentiation • neuron differentiation • regulation of mitotic cell cycle • negative regulation of epithelial cell proliferation • skeletal muscle cell differentiation • sister chromatid biorientation • protein localization to chromosome, centromeric region • 細胞週期 • striated muscle cell differentiation • Ras protein signal transduction • myoblast differentiation • viral process • negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated • neuron projection development • digestive tract development • maintenance of mitotic sister chromatid cohesion • regulation of lipid kinase activity • positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II • hepatocyte apoptotic process • 細胞凋亡 • positive regulation of transcription regulatory region DNA binding • negative regulation of gene expression • regulation of cell growth • tissue homeostasis • regulation of transcription, DNA-templated • G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle • negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II • negative regulation of transcription involved in G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle • chromatin organization • aortic valve morphogenesis • negative regulation of inflammatory response • positive regulation of extracellular matrix organization • positive regulation of collagen fibril organization • negative regulation of myofibroblast differentiation • 細胞分化 • negative regulation of cold-induced thermogenesis • negative regulation of protein serine/threonine kinase activity • negative regulation of tau-protein kinase activity • negative regulation of apoptotic signaling pathway Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
直系同源
物種	人類	小鼠
Entrez	5925	19645
Ensembl	ENSG00000139687	ENSMUSG00000022105
UniProt	P06400	P13405
mRNA​序列	NM_000321	NM_009029
蛋白序列	NP_000312 NP_000312.2	NP_033055
基因位置​（UCSC）	Chr 13: 48.3 – 48.6 Mb	Chr 14: 73.42 – 73.56 Mb
PubMed​查找	[4]	[5]
維基數據
檢視/編輯人類 檢視/編輯小鼠

Rb是袋狀蛋白家族的一員，其特點是有一個口袋狀的結構用以結合其它蛋白^[7][8]。使得一些致癌變蛋白，比如高危險群人類乳突病毒所感染的細胞產生的蛋白，結合併抑制pRb，最終導致癌症。

相互作用

已知Rb蛋白與下列蛋白質有相互作用關係：

• Abl gene^[9][10]
• Androgen receptor^[11][12]
• Apoptosis-antagonizing transcription factor^[13][14]
• ARID4A^[15]
• 芳香烴受體^[16]
• BRCA1^[17][18][19]
• BRF1^[20][21]
• C-jun^[22]
• C-Raf^[23][24]
• CDK9^[25]
• CUTL1^[26]
• 週期素A1^[27]
• 週期素D1^[28][29]
• 週期素T2^[25]
• DNMT1^[30]
• E2F1^{[31][32][33][34][35][36][37]}
• E2F2,^[38]
• E4F1^[34]
• EID1^[39][40]
• ENC1^[41]
• FRK^[42]
• HBP1^[43]
• HDAC1^{[15][44][45][46][47][48][49]}
• HDAC3^[15][50]
• Histone deacetylase 2^[15]
• 胰島素^[51]
• JARID1A^[52][53]
• LIN9^[54]
• MCM7^[55]
• MORF4L1^[32][56]
• MRFAP1,^[32][56]
• MyoD^[57][58]
• NCOA6^[59]
• PA2G4^[60]
• 過氧化物酶體增殖物活化受體γ^[50]
• PIK3R3^[61]
• Plasminogen activator inhibitor-2^[62]
• Polymerase (DNA directed), alpha 1^[63]
• PRDM2^[64]
• PRKRA^[65]
• Prohibitin^[24][66]
• 早幼顆粒白血球白血病蛋白^[67]
• RBBP4^[31][68]
• RBBP7^[19][68]
• RBBP8^[44][69]
• RBBP9^[70]
• SNAPC1^[71]
• SKP2^[72][73]
• SNAPC3^[71]
• SNW1^[74]
• SUV39H1^[75][76]
• TAF1^{[28][77][78][79]}
• THOC1^[80]
• TRAP1^[81]
• TRIP11^[82]
• UBTF^[83]
• USP4.^[84]

細胞凋亡中涉及的信號通路一覽

參考文獻

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視網膜母細胞瘤蛋白引用了美國國家醫學圖書館提供的數據，這些數據屬於公共領域。

延伸閱讀

• Momand J, Wu HH, Dasgupta G. MDM2—master regulator of the p53 tumor suppressor protein. Gene. 2000, 242 (1–2): 15–29. PMID 10721693. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(99)00487-4.
• Zheng L, Lee WH. Retinoblastoma tumor suppressor and genome stability. Adv. Cancer Res. Advances in Cancer Research. 2003, 85: 13–50. ISBN 978-0-12-006685-8. PMID 12374284. doi:10.1016/S0065-230X(02)85002-3.
• Classon M, Harlow E. The retinoblastoma tumour suppressor in development and cancer. Nature Reviews Cancer. 2003, 2 (12): 910–7. PMID 12459729. doi:10.1038/nrc950.
• Lai H, Ma F, Lai S. Identification of the novel role of pRB in eye cancer. J. Cell. Biochem. 2003, 88 (1): 121–7. PMID 12461781. doi:10.1002/jcb.10283.
• Simin K, Wu H, Lu L; et al. pRb Inactivation in Mammary Cells Reveals Common Mechanisms for Tumor Initiation and Progression in Divergent Epithelia. PLoS Biol. 2006, 2 (2): E22. PMC 340938 . PMID 14966529. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0020022. 引文格式1維護：顯式使用等標籤 (link)
• Lohmann DR, Gallie BL. Retinoblastoma: revisiting the model prototype of inherited cancer. American Journal of Medical Genetics. 2004, 129 (1): 23–8. PMID 15264269. doi:10.1002/ajmg.c.30024.
• Clemo NK, Arhel NJ, Barnes JD; et al. The role of the retinoblastoma protein (Rb) in the nuclear localization of BAG-1: implications for colorectal tumour cell survival. Biochem. Soc. Trans. 2005, 33 (Pt 4): 676–8. PMID 16042572. doi:10.1042/BST0330676. 引文格式1維護：顯式使用等標籤 (link)
• Rodríguez-Cruz M, del Prado M, Salcedo M. [Genomic retinoblastoma perspectives: implications of tumor supressor gene RB1]. Rev. Invest. Clin. 2006, 57 (4): 572–81. PMID 16315642.
• Knudsen ES, Knudsen KE. Retinoblastoma tumor suppressor: where cancer meets the cell cycle. Exp. Biol. Med. (Maywood). 2006, 231 (7): 1271–81. PMID 16816134.

外部連結

• 醫學主題詞表（MeSH）：RB1+protein,+human
• 醫學主題詞表（MeSH）：Retinoblastoma+genes
• GeneReviews/NIH/NCBI/UW entry on Retinoblastoma （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館）
• Retinoblastoma Genetics （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館）
• Drosophila Retinoblastoma-family protein - The Interactive Fly （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館）
• Drosophila Retinoblastoma-family protein 2 - The Interactive Fly （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館）
• Evolutionary Homologs Retinoblastoma-family proteins - The Interactive Fly （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館）
• There is a diagram of the pRb-E2F interactions here^{[永久失效連結]}.

參見

• p53：參與pRb的DNA修復功能
• 轉錄輔助調節因子(transcription coregulator)
• 視網膜母細胞瘤