are permanent outsiders to the norms of North American culture and the dominant inner circle. As argued by Omi (2008), “this image is reflective of the
Henrard, K. 2000. Devising an Adequate System of Minority Protection: Individual Human Rights, Minority Rights, and the Right to Self-Determination. Leiden:
of a dominant or host culture, over their original culture. Sometimes it is forced by governments. 排外 occurs when individuals reject the dominant or host