檢察官及律師的絕對忠誠誓詞,以及近似於此,適用於教師及專業人士的密蘇里州誓詞都是違憲的,因為它們違背憲法禁止剝奪公民權法案(bill of attainder)及追溯法令的相關規定。相關判例見Cummings v. Missouri, 4 Wall. 277 (1867); Ex parte Garland
Congress shall have Power to declare the Punishment of Treason, but no Attainder of Treason shall work Corruption of Blood, or Forfeiture except during