人類的22號染色體是23對染色體的其中之一,人體細胞在正常狀況下擁有一對。此染色體是第二小的人類染色體,擁有大約4900萬個鹼基對,佔細胞中DNA數量的1.5%到2%。
22號染色體 | |
---|---|
物種 | Homo sapiens |
基因數量 | 500-800 |
22號染色體是在1999年宣佈定序完成,為人類基因組計劃中第一條完全定序的染色體。根據估計,此染色體大約含有500到800個基因。
基因
以下是一部分屬於22號染色體的基因
基因座 | 基因 | 描述 | 相關症狀 |
22q11.21 | TBX1 | T-box 1 | |
22q11.21-q11.23 | COMT | 兒茶酚-O-甲基轉移酶 基因 | |
22q12.1-q13.1 | NEFH | neurofilament, heavy polypeptide 200kDa | |
22q12.1 | CHEK2 | CHK2 checkpoint homolog (S. pombe) | |
22q12.2 | NF2 | neurofibromin 2 | 雙側聽神經瘤 |
22q13 | SOX10 | SRY (sex determining region Y)-box 10 | |
22q13.2 | EP300 | E1A binding protein p300 | |
22q13.3 | WNT7B | Wingless-type MMTV integration site family, member 7B | |
22q13.3 | SHANK3 | SH3 and multiple ankyrin repeat domains 3 | 22q13缺失綜合症 |
相關疾病
下列疾病和22號染色體上的基因有關:
- 肌肉萎縮性側索硬化症
- 乳癌
- 22q11.2缺失綜合症(22q11.2 deletion syndrome)
- 22q13缺失綜合症(22q13 deletion syndrome)
- 李-佛美尼綜合症
- 神經纖維瘤病Ⅱ型(Neurofibromatosis type 2)
- 魯賓斯坦-泰比綜合症(Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome)
- 瓦登伯革氏綜合症(Waardenburg syndrome)
- 高鐵血紅蛋白症
參考文獻
- Dunham I, Shimizu N, Roe BA, Chissoe S, Hunt AR, Collins JE, Bruskiewich R, Beare DM, Clamp M, Smink LJ, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Babbage A, Bagguley C, Bailey J, Barlow K, Bates KN, Beasley O, Bird CP, Blakey S, Bridgeman AM, Buck D, Burgess J, Burrill WD, O'Brien KP. The DNA sequence of human chromosome 22. Nature. 1999, 402 (6761): 489–95. PMID 10591208.
- Gilbert F. Disease genes and chromosomes: disease maps of the human genome. Chromosome 22. Genet Test. 1998, 2 (1): 89–97. PMID 10464604.
- Kurzrock R, Kantarjian HM, Druker BJ, Talpaz M. Philadelphia chromosome-positive leukemias: from basic mechanisms to molecular therapeutics. Ann Intern Med. 2003, 138 (10): 819–30. PMID 12755554.
- Maynard TM, Haskell GT, Lieberman JA, LaMantia AS. 22q11 DS: genomic mechanisms and gene function in DiGeorge/velocardiofacial syndrome. Int J Dev Neurosci. 2002, 20 (3-5): 407–19. PMID 12175881.
- McDermid HE, Morrow BE. Genomic disorders on 22q11. Am J Hum Genet. 2002, 70 (5): 1077–88. PMID 11925570.
- McDonald-McGinn DM, Kirschner R, Goldmuntz E, Sullivan K, Eicher P, Gerdes M, Moss E, Solot C, Wang P, Jacobs I, Handler S, Knightly C, Heher K, Wilson M, Ming JE, Grace K, Driscoll D, Pasquariello P, Randall P, Larossa D, Emanuel BS, Zackai EH. The Philadelphia story: the 22q11.2 deletion: report on 250 patients. Genet Couns. 1999, 10 (1): 11–24. PMID 10191425.
- Rinn JL, Euskirchen G, Bertone P, Martone R, Luscombe NM, Hartman S, Harrison PM, Nelson FK, Miller P, Gerstein M, Weissman S, Snyder M. The transcriptional activity of human Chromosome 22. Genes Dev. 2003, 17 (4): 529–40. PMID 12600945.
- Wilson HL, Wong ACC, Shaw SR, Tse WY, Stapleton GA, Phelan MC, Hu S, Marshall J, McDermid HE (2003) Molecular characerisation of the 22q13 deletion syndrome supports the role of haploinsufficiency of SHANK3/PROSASP2 in the major neurological symptoms. J Med Genet 40:575-584. PMID 12920066
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