舌蠅屬

舌蠅屬（屬名：Glossina，即采采蠅、嗤嗤蠅，來自英語：Tsetse /ˈsiːtsi/，美國 /ˈtsiːtsi/，^[1] 或英國 /ˈtsɛtsi/）是雙翅目舌蠅科（Glossinidae）下唯一的一個屬，其下的蠅廣泛分佈於從撒哈拉沙漠到喀拉哈里沙漠的廣大非洲地區。^[2] 它們以吸食脊椎動物的血液為生，是非洲主要的睡蟲病傳播媒介之一。

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因為會傳播昏睡病而被廣泛研究。這些蠅是多化性的，每年可繁殖四代，一生中最多可繁殖31代。^[3] 發現於科羅拉多州佛洛里森特化石層采采蠅的化石^[3] 證明其在3400萬年前就生活在地球上了。^[4]

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參考文獻

[1]
美國字典發音： sē′·tsē, tsē′·tsē
[2]
Rogers, D.J.; Hay, S.I.; Packer, M.J. Predicting the distribution of tsetse flies in West Africa using temporal Fourier processed meteorological satellite data. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology. 1996, 90 (3): 225–241. PMID 8758138.
[3]
Cockerell, T. D. A. A fossil tsetse fly and other Diptera from Florissant, Colorado. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. 1917, 30: 19–22.
[4]
Florissant Fossil Beds National Monument: Explore The World of Florissant Paleontology. [2014-09-01]. （原始內容存檔於2015-02-25）.

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Maudlin, I., Holmes, P.H. & Miles M.A. (2004) "The Trypanosomiases" CAB International.
Buxton, P. (1955) The Natural History of Tsetse Flies: An Account of the Biology of the Genus Glossina (Diptera). London, UK: H.K. Lewis & Co.
Glasgow, J. (1963) The Distribution and Abundance of Tsetse International Series of Monographs on Pure and Applied Biology, No. 20. Oxford, UK: Pergamon Press.
Mulligan, H. & Potts, W. (1970) The African Trypanosomiases London, UK: George Allen and Unwin, Ltd.
Ford, J. (1971) The Role of the Trypanosomiases in African Ecology. Oxford, UK: Clarendon Press.
Leak, S. (1998) Tsetse Biology and Ecology: Their role in the Epidemiology and Control of Trypanosomiasis. New York, NY, USA: CABI Publishing. book site
McKelvey Jr., J. (1973) Man Against Tsetse: Struggle for Africa. Ithaca, NY, USA: Cornell University Press.

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