視覺調節[1][2](visual accommodation)[3],簡稱調節、調節力,是脊椎動物眼睛根據物體距離自身的距離的變化而隨時調整眼睛的屈光力,從而確保視覺始終清晰。
哺乳類、鳥類和爬行類主要通過睫狀體來改變彈性晶狀體的形態,以達到調整眼睛屈光力的目的[4];其次可由瞳孔擴大縮小來改變焦深及進光量,減少球像差、色像差;最後再藉由會聚避免復視。
當視近物時,睫狀肌收縮,睫狀小帶鬆弛,晶狀體變凸,折光率(屈光力)增加,物像前移,因而成像清晰;反之則晶狀體變薄。
參考文獻
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