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落葵科（學名：Basellaceae）共有4屬,約25種,分佈於美洲、亞洲和非洲，中國有2屬3種,主要分佈在南方，4屬全部有引入種。
本科植物為多年生草本，單葉互生，葉可做蔬菜或藥用，落葵的葉也叫「木耳菜」；花小，5裂，輻射對稱；果實為漿果；有的品種根含澱粉，可食用。
本屬包括以下物種：[1]
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