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芭蕉屬學名Musa)是薑目芭蕉科下的一個屬,為大型草本植物。該屬共有30種及很多變種,主要產自東半球熱帶地區。[2]

快速預覽 芭蕉屬, 科學分類 ...
芭蕉屬
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攝於美國夏威夷州茂宜縣的香蕉樹
科學分類 編輯
界: 植物界 Plantae
演化支 維管束植物 Tracheophyta
演化支 被子植物 Angiosperms
演化支 單子葉植物 Monocots
演化支 鴨跖草類植物 Commelinids
目: 薑目 Zingiberales
科: 芭蕉科 Musaceae
亞科: 芭蕉亞科 Musoideae
屬: 芭蕉屬 Musa
L., 1753[1]
模式種
香蕉
Musa × paradisiaca
L., 1753
多樣性
逾30種
異名
  • Karkandela Raf.
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品種

經濟栽培種

以台灣為例,如:北蕉、台蕉二號、寶島蕉(AAA)、台蕉 5 號(AAA)、台蕉 6 號(AAA)等。[3]

芭蕉種

以台灣所栽培的品種為例,如:旦蕉(AA)、玫瑰蕉、紅皮蕉、呂宋蕉、假呂宋蕉、南華蕉等。[3]

觀賞蕉種

本屬包括以下品種,有觀花,亦有觀葉品種[3][4]

  • 小果野蕉 Musa acuminata Colla
    • 斑葉蕉 Musa acuminata subsp. zebrina
    • 中華小果野蕉 Musa acuminata var. chinensis Häkkinen & H.Wang
    • 美葉芭蕉 Musa acuminata var. sumatrana (Becc.) Nasution
  • 橙苞芭蕉 Musa aurantiaca G. Mann ex Baker
  • 金嘴紅蕉 Musa beccarii N.W.Simmonds
  • 野蕉 Musa balbisiana Colla
  • 芭蕉 Musa basjoo Siebold
  • 臘紅夢幻蕉 Musa beccarii N.W.Simmonds, 1960
  • 婆羅芭蕉 Musa borneensis Becc.
  • 千層蕉 Musa chiliocarpa Backer ex K.Heyne, 1922,為Musa ×paradisiaca L.的異名
  • 鍾氏野香蕉 Musa chunii Häkkinen
  • 紅蕉 Musa coccinea Andr.
  • 台灣芭蕉 Musa formosana (Wall.) Hayata
  • Musa haekkinenii N.S.Lý & Haev. [5]
  • 擎天蕉 Musa ingens N.W.Simmonds
  • 島山芭蕉 Musa insularimontana Hayata
  • 阿寬蕉 Musa itinerans Cheesm.
    • 中國阿寬蕉 Musa itinerans var. chinensis Häkkinen
    • 廣東阿寬蕉 Musa itinerans var. guangdongensis Häkkinen
      • 阿寬蕉(原變種) Musa itinerans var. itinerans
    • 樂昌阿寬蕉 Musa itinerans var. lechangensis Häkkinen
    • 版納阿寬蕉 Musa itinerans var. xishuangbannaensis
  • 橘紅夢幻蕉 Musa laterita Cheesman,磚紅芭蕉
  • 手指蕉 Musa lawitiensis Nasution & Supard.
  • 洋紅芭蕉 Musa mannii H.Wendl. ex Baker
  • Musa nagalandiana S.Dey & Gogoi, 2014[6]
  • 黃苞芭蕉 Musa nagensium Prain
  • Musa nanensis Swangpol & Traiperm[7]
  • 紫夢幻蕉 Musa ornata Roxb., 1824,紫苞芭蕉
  • 擬紅蕉 Musa paracoccinea A.Z.Liu & D.Z.Li
  • Musa paramjitiana L. J. Singh[8]
  • 阿希蕉 Musa rubra Wall. ex Kurz
  • 紅矮芭蕉 Musa rubinea Häkkinen & C.H.Teo
  • 血紅蕉 Musa sanguinea Hook. f.
  • 泰國芭蕉 Musa siamensis Häkkinen & Rich.H.Wallace
  • 亮果芭蕉 Musa splendida A.Chev.
  • 蕉麻 Musa textilis Née
  • 穴芭蕉 Musa troglodytarum L.
  • 紅花蕉 Musa uranoscopos Lour.
  • 紫蕉 Musa velutina H.Wendl. & Drude,朝天蕉
  • 雅美芭蕉 Musa yamiensis C.L.Yeh & J.H.Chen
  • 雲南芭蕉 Musa yunnanensis Häkkinen & H.Wang
    • 多毛雲南芭蕉 Musa yunnanensis var. caii Häkkinen & H.Wang
    • 景東雲南芭蕉 Musa yunnanensis var. jingdongensis Häkkinen & H.Wang
    • 永平芭蕉 Musa yunnanensis var. yongpingensis Häkkinen & H.Wang
      • 雲南芭蕉(原變種) Musa yunnanensis var. yunnanensis
  • 再富芭蕉 Musa zaifui Häkkinen & H.Wang
雜交種
  • Musa × formobisiana [9] H.-L. Chiu, C.-T. Shii & T.-Y.A. Yang
  • 大蕉 Musa × paradisiaca L.
  • Musa × paradisiaca 'Belle'
  • Musa × paradisiaca 'Dwarf Orinoco'
  • Musa × paradisiaca 'Ele-ele'
  • Musa × paradisiaca GOLDFINGER
  • Musa × paradisiaca 'Hajare'
  • Musa × paradisiaca 'Hua Moa'
  • Musa × paradisiaca 'Malbhog'
  • Musa × paradisiaca 'Monthan'
  • Musa × paradisiaca 'Mysore'
  • Musa × paradisiaca 'Ney Mannan'
  • Musa × paradisiaca 'Ney Poovan'
  • Musa × paradisiaca 'Pisang Awak'
  • Musa × paradisiaca 'Pisang Seribu'
  • Musa × paradisiaca 'Pome'
  • Musa × paradisiaca 'Popoulu'
  • Musa × paradisiaca 'Rajapuri'
  • Musa × paradisiaca 'Saba'
  • Musa × paradisiaca 'Safet Velchi'
  • Musa × paradisiaca 'Silk'
  • Musa × paradisiaca 'Yawa Dwarf'
  • Musa acuminata 'Grand Nain' × Musa acuminata 'Zebrina'
栽培種
  • Musa 'Butuhan'
  • Musa 'Cavendish Super Dwarf'
  • Musa 'Cavendish Zan Moreno'
  • Musa 'Darjeeling Giant'
  • Musa 'Fhia-01'
  • Musa 'Ghew-kera'
  • Musa 'Ice Cream'
  • Musa 'Koba Dwarf'
  • Musa 'Kru'
  • Musa 'Orange'
  • Musa 'Royal Pink'
  • Musa 'Royal Purple'
  • Musa 'Royal Red'
  • Musa 'Saba'
  • Musa 'Santa Morelli'
  • Musa 'Thousand Finger'
  • Musa 'Tiger Stripes'
  • Musa 'Tropicana'
  • Musa 'Utafan'
  • Musa 'Violacea'
  • Musa 'Wompa'
  • Musa accuminata 'Balbisiana'
  • Musa acuminata 'Bordelon'
  • Musa 'Burmese Blue'
  • Musa acuminata 'Buitenzorg'
  • Musa acuminata 'Double'
  • Musa acuminata 'Dwarf Cavendish'
  • Musa acuminata 'Dwarf Red'
  • Musa acuminata 'Dwarf Red Jamaican'
  • Musa acuminata 'Flhorban916'
  • Musa acuminata 'Flhorban917'
  • Musa acuminata 'Flhorban918'
  • Musa acuminata 'Flhorban919'
  • Musa acuminata 'Flhorban920'
  • Musa acuminata 'Flhorban921'
  • Musa acuminata 'Giant Cavendish'
  • Musa acuminata 'Grand Nain'
  • Musa acuminata 'Igitsiri'
  • Musa acuminata 'Iholena Ula'ula' '
  • Musa acuminata 'Kru'
  • Musa acuminata 'Lacatan'
  • Musa acuminata 'Mai'a oa'
  • Musa acuminata 'Malaysian Blood'
  • Musa acuminata 'Monyet'
  • Musa acuminata 'Pink Striped'
  • Musa acuminata 'Pisang Berlin'
  • Musa acuminata 'Pisang Jari Buaya'
  • Musa acuminata 'Pisang Lidi'
  • Musa acuminata 'Pisang Masak Hijau'
  • Musa acuminata 'Red Iholena'
  • Musa acuminata 'Robusta'
  • Musa acuminata 'Rose'
  • Musa acuminata 'Siam Ruby'
  • Musa acuminata 'Tapo'
  • Musa acuminata 'Tuu Ghia'
  • Musa acuminata 'White Iholena'
  • Musa acuminata 'Williams'
  • Musa acuminata 'Williams'
  • Musa acuminata 'Williams'
  • Musa balbisiana 'Asian Saba'
  • Musa balbisiana 'Black Thai'
  • Musa balbisiana 'Cardaba'
  • Musa balbisiana 'Tani'
  • Musa basjoo 'Little Prince'
  • Musa basjoo 'Rubra'
  • Musa basjoo 'Sakhalin'
  • 花葉芭蕉 Musa basjoo 'Variegata'
  • Musa iterans 'Glaucum'
  • Musa itinerans 'Yunnan'
  • Musa ornata 'African Red'
  • Musa ornata 'Macro'
  • Musa ornata 'Purple'
  • Musa ornata 'Royal Red Salmon'
  • Musa siamensis 'Thai Gold'
  • Musa sikkimensis 'Red Flash'
  • Musa sikkimensis 'Red Tiger'
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參考文獻

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