膽酸(英語:Cholic acid,也被稱為3α,7α,12α-三羥基-5β-膽烷-24-羧酸,3α,7α,12α-trihydroxy-5β-cholan-24-oic acid)是膽汁酸的主要成分[1],不溶於水,可溶於乙醇和乙酸,固態為白色晶體,其鹽類被稱為膽酸鹽(英語:cholates)。
Cholic acid | |
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IUPAC名 (R)-4-((3R,5S,7R,8R,9S,10S,12S,13R,14S,17R)-3,7,12-Trihydroxy-10,13-dimethylhexadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl)pentanoic acid | |
系統名 (4R)-4-[(1S,2S,5R,7S,9R,10R,11S,14R,15R,16S)-5,9,16-trihydroxy-2,15-dimethyltetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.011,15]heptadecan-14-yl]pentanoic acid (4R)-4-[(1S,2S,5R,7S,9R,10R,11S,14R,15R,16S)-2,15-二甲基-5,9,16-三羥基四環[8.7.0.02,7.011,15]十七烷-14-基]戊酸 | |
別名 | 3α,7α,12α-三羥基-5β-膽烷-24-羧酸 |
識別 | |
CAS號 | 81-25-4 |
PubChem | 221493 |
ChemSpider | 192176 |
SMILES |
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InChI |
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InChIKey | BHQCQFFYRZLCQQ-OELDTZBJBZ |
ChEBI | 16359 |
DrugBank | DB02659 |
KEGG | D10699 |
IUPHAR配體 | 609 |
性質 | |
化學式 | C24H40O5 |
摩爾質量 | 408.57 g·mol−1 |
熔點 | 200-201 °C(473-474 K) |
磁化率 | -282.3·10−6 cm3/mol |
藥理學 | |
ATC代碼 | A05AA03(A05) |
藥品許可證 | |
若非註明,所有數據均出自標準狀態(25 ℃,100 kPa)下。 |
膽酸和鵝去氧膽酸是膽汁酸的兩大主要成分,由肝臟代謝膽固醇生成,這兩種主要膽汁酸在人體內的濃度大致相等[2]。膽酸的衍生物主要由膽酸-輔酶A(cholyl-CoA)生成,其中CoA可以與甘氨酸或牛磺酸交換,生成甘氨膽酸或牛磺膽酸[3]。
參考文獻
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