海座星 (edrioasteroids),又稱座海星 ,是一類已滅絕 的棘皮動物 ,生存於寒武紀 中期至二疊紀 。海座星營固着濾食生活,無莖(Column),身體扁平,球形或圓柱形,從背部中央的口 輻射出的五條步帶 溝是海座星的典型特徵,步帶溝里長有特殊的管足 ,用來輸送食物到口中。
Foerstediscus splendens
Quick Facts 科學分類, 目 ...
海座星綱
Streptaster vorticellatus (直徑13毫米 ),產自美國 肯塔基州 上奧陶統
科學分類
界:
動物界 Animalia
門:
棘皮動物門 Echinodermata
綱:
† 海座星綱 EdrioasteroideaBillings, 1858
目
Cyathocystida
海座星目 Edrioasterida
Isorophida
海蒲團目 Camptostromatoida ?
墊海蕾目 Edrioblastoida ?
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海座星在棘皮動物門中的具體分類地位尚無共識,有文獻將海座星綱歸入海膽亞門 [ 1] [ 2] [ 3] [ 4] ,也有資料將其歸入海百合亞門 [ 5] ,還有假說認為海座星綱是棘皮動物較早分化的幹群 ,不屬於任何亞門。[ 6] [ 7] [ 8]
僅列出部分屬。
?Arkarua
Walcottidiscus (最古老的海座星,來自於中寒武紀 的伯吉斯頁岩 )
Stromatocystites
S. pentangularis
S. reduncus
S. walcotti
Kailidiscus
海座星屬 Edrioaster (模式屬)
Edriophus
Paredriophus
Totiglobus
Cambraster
Edriodiscus
Lebedodiscus
費氏海座星屬 Foerstediscus
Cystaster
Cryptogoleus
Bellochthus
Streptaster
Cryptogoleus
Carneyella
C. pilea
C. faberi
C. ulrichi
Isorophus
Isorophusella
海蒲團屬 Camptostroma
Rectitriordo
Agelacrinites
Krama
K. devonicum (Bassler), 1936
Parakrama
Hemicystites
H. bohemica
H. chapmani
H. devonicus
Neoisorophusella
N. lanei
N. berryi
N. maslennikovi
N. whitesidei
Curvitriordo
Thresherodiscus
T. ramosa (Foerste, 1914)
Postibulla
Parapostibulla
Eopostibulla
Pyrgopostibulla
Yorkicystis
Torquerisediscus
Cooperidiscus
Dynocystis
Stalticodiscus
Ulrichidiscus
Clavidiscus
Discocystis
Hypsiclavus
Spiraclavus
Giganticlavus
Lispidecodus
L. plinthotus (Kesling, 1967)
Fell, Howard and Sepkoski, John. "Echinozoa." Science, 2019-12
Guensberg, Thomas and Sprinkle, James. "Revised Phylogeny and Functional Interpretation of the Edrioasteroidea Based on New Taxa from the Early and Middle Ordovician of Western Utah." Chicago, Ill. : Field Museum of Natural, 1994.
Mooi, Rich. 2001-07, "Not All Written in Stone: Interdisciplinary Syntheses in Echinoderm Paleontology." Canadian Journal of Zoology, 79 (7) 1209-1231
Sepkoski, Jr. J. J. (2002) A compendium of fossil marine animal genera, Bulletins of American Paleontology 363, 1-560
S. Zamora, I. A. Rahman, C. D. Sumrall, A. P. Gibson, and J. R. Thompson. 2022. Cambrian edrioasteroid reveals new mechanism for secondary reduction of the skeleton in echinoderms. Proceedings of the Royal Society B 289 :20212733