地層內含有咸質或鹽塊，經過地下水流溶解，生成滷水，即俗說黃水、黑水。鑿井汲取滷水，以鹽井中的地下滷水為原料，設灶煎煮製成的鹽，叫井鹽。鹽井多分佈在山脈，清代產於四川、雲南。四川所產行銷西藏及四川、湖南、湖北、貴州、雲南、甘肅等六省，雲南所產行銷本省。
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參考文獻
- 中國歷史大辭典·上卷.上海辭書出版社.2000
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