二千堅尼錦標

英國二千堅尼錦標（2000 Guineas Stakes）是一場只限三歲雄馬及雌馬參賽的平地國際一級賽事。每年四月末或五月初舉行，路程為一哩（1609米），於新市場馬場的羅利賽道上競逐。

英國二千堅尼
1874年二千堅尼錦標, 版畫, Illustrated Sporting and Dramatic News, 1874年5月

這場賽事是英國五場經典賽事之一，也是每年最先舉行的經典賽。它與次關葉森打吡和尾關聖烈治錦標合組成英國三冠系列，近年已甚少馬匹能連贏三關。

歷史

首屆二千堅尼錦標於1809年4月18日舉行，比只限雌馬參與的一千堅尼錦標早了五年。這兩場三歲賽事，都是葉森打吡共同創辦人、賽馬會董事查爾斯·班伯里爵士一手促成。賽事以獎金總額來命名（1堅尼相當於21先令或1.05英鎊）。

至1860年代中期，二千堅尼已被視為其中一場最頂級的三歲馬賽事。這個年齡組別最頂級的五場比賽（一千堅尼錦標、二千堅尼錦標、橡樹大賽、葉森打吡、聖烈治錦標，特色是距離一場比一場長），漸被人們稱為經典賽。經典賽的概念，後來更傳到其他國家。

歐洲不同國家都有二千堅尼賽事，包括愛爾蘭的愛爾蘭二千堅尼、德國的Mehl-Mülhens-Rennen、法國的Poule d'Essai des Poulains和意大利的Premio Parioli；而在歐洲以外的國家，也有澳洲的澳洲堅尼和日本的臯月賞。

參加二千堅尼的馬匹，通常會以卡拉芬錦標或格拉咸錦標作熱身，所以這兩場比賽一般被視為二千堅尼的預賽。也有馬匹完全不作熱身便走上二千堅尼戰場。而二千堅尼本身也可作為葉森打吡的預賽，對上一匹能贏取這兩場一級賽的是2012年的帝皇城堡。另一方面，2018年的冠軍碩信尚武成為首隻大震撼的子嗣勝出英國經典賽事。

自2001年起，一千堅尼的獎金提升至與二千堅尼相同。2016年起兩者的獎金金額俱為50萬英鎊^[1]。

歷屆冠軍

年份	馬匹	騎師	練馬師	馬主	時間
1809	Wizard	Bill Clift	Tom Perren	Christopher Wilson
1810	Hephestion	Frank Buckle	Robert Robson	2nd Earl Grosvenor
1811	Trophonius	Sam Barnard	Dixon Boyce	Robert Andrew
1812	Cwrw	Sam Chifney Jr.	William Chifney	3rd Earl of Darlington
1813	Smolensko	H. Miller	Crouch	Sir Charles Bunbury
1814	Olive	Bill Arnull	Dixon Boyce	Charles Wyndham
1815	Tigris	Bill Arnull	Dixon Boyce	1st Baron Rous
1816	Nectar	Bill Arnull	Dixon Boyce	Lord George Cavendish
1817	Manfred	Will Wheatley	Robert Stephenson	Scott Stonehewer
1818	Interpreter	Bill Clift	Richard Prince	3rd Baron Foley
1819	Antar	Edward Edwards [2]	James Edwards	Sir John Shelley
1820	Pindarrie	Frank Buckle	Robert Robson	4th Duke of Grafton
1821	Reginald	Frank Buckle	Robert Robson	4th Duke of Grafton
1822	Pastille ‡	Frank Buckle	Robert Robson	4th Duke of Grafton
1823	Nicolo	Will Wheatley	Joe Rogers	Joe Rogers
1824	Schahriar	Will Wheatley		James Haffenden
1825	Enamel	Jem Robinson	Charles Marson	2nd Marquess of Exeter
1826	Dervise	John Barham Day	Robert Robson	4th Duke of Grafton
1827	Turcoman	Frank Buckle	Robert Robson	4th Duke of Grafton
1828	Cadland	Jem Robinson	Dixon Boyce	5th Duke of Rutland
1829	Patron	Frank Boyce	Charles Marson	2nd Marquess of Exeter
1830	Augustus	Patrick Conolly	Charles Marson	2nd Marquess of Exeter
1831	Riddlesworth	Jem Robinson	James Edwards	5th Earl of Jersey
1832	Archibald	Arthur Pavis		Jonathan Peel
1833	Clearwell	Jem Robinson		3rd Earl of Orford
1834	Glencoe	Jem Robinson	James Edwards	5th Earl of Jersey
1835	Ibrahim	Jem Robinson	James Edwards	5th Earl of Jersey
1836	Bay Middleton	Jem Robinson	James Edwards	5th Earl of Jersey
1837	Achmet	Edward Edwards	James Edwards	5th Earl of Jersey
1838	Grey Momus	John Barham Day	John Barham Day	Lord George Bentinck
1839	The Corsair	Bill Wakefield	John Doe	1st Earl of Lichfield
1840	Crucifix ‡	John Barham Day	John Barham Day	Lord George Bentinck
1841	Ralph	John Barham Day	W. Edwards	4th Earl of Albemarle
1842	Meteor	Bill Scott	John Scott	John Bowes
1843	Cotherstone	Bill Scott	John Scott	John Bowes
1844	The Ugly Buck	John Day	John Barham Day	John Barham Day
1845	Idas	Nat Flatman	Robert Boyce Jr.	2nd Earl of Stradbroke
1846	Sir Tatton Sykes	Bill Scott	William Oates	Bill Scott
1847	Conyngham	Jem Robinson	John Day	Sir Robert Pigot
1848	Flatcatcher	Jem Robinson	Henry Stebbing	B. Green
1849	Nunnykirk	Frank Butler	John Scott	Anthony Nichol
1850	Pitsford	Alfred Day	John Day	Harry Hill
1851	Hernandez	Nat Flatman	John Kent Jr.	Viscount Enfield
1852	Stockwell	John Norman	William Harlock	2nd Marquess of Exeter
1853	West Australian †	Frank Butler	John Scott	John Bowes
1854	The Hermit	Alfred Day	John Day	John Gully
1855	Lord of the Isles	Tom Aldcroft	William Day	James Merry
1856	Fazzoletto	Nat Flatman	John Scott	14th Earl of Derby
1857	Vedette	John Osborne Jr.	George Abdale	2nd Earl of Zetland	1:51.00
1858	Fitz-Roland	John Wells	George Manning	Sir Joseph Hawley
1859	The Promised Land	Alfred Day	William Day	William Day
1860	The Wizard	Tom Ashmall	John Scott	Anthony Nichol
1861	Diophantus	Arthur Edwards	Joseph Dawson	7th Earl of Stamford	1:43.00
1862	The Marquis	Tom Ashmall	John Scott	Stanhope Hawke
1863	Macaroni	Tom Chaloner	James Godding	Richard Naylor
1864	General Peel	Tom Aldcroft	Tom Dawson	5th Earl of Glasgow	1:48.50
1865	Gladiateur †	Harry Grimshaw	Tom Jennings, Sr.	Frédéric de Lagrange
1866	Lord Lyon †	R. Thomas	James Dover	Richard Sutton
1867	Vauban	George Fordham	John Day	8th Duke of Beaufort
1868 (dh)	Formosa † ‡ Moslem	George Fordham Tom Chaloner	Henry Woolcott Alec Taylor, Sr.	William Graham William Stirling Crawfurd
1869	Pretender	John Osborne Jr.	Tom Dawson	John Johnstone
1870	Macgregor	John Daley	J. Waugh	James Merry
1871	Bothwell	John Osborne Jr.	Tom Dawson	John Johnstone
1872	Prince Charlie	John Osborne Jr.	Joseph Dawson	Joseph Dawson
1873	Gang Forward	Tom Chaloner	Alec Taylor, Sr.	William Stirling Crawfurd	1:46.00
1874	Atlantic	Fred Archer	Mathew Dawson	6th Viscount Falmouth
1875	Camballo	John Osborne Jr.	Mathew Dawson	Clare Vyner
1876	Petrarch	Harry Luke	John Dawson, Sr.	Viscount Dupplin
1877	Chamant	Jem Goater	Tom Jennings, Sr.	Frédéric de Lagrange	1:50.00
1878	Pilgrimage ‡	Tom Cannon, Sr.	Joe Cannon	4th Earl of Lonsdale	1:56.00
1879	Charibert	Fred Archer	Mathew Dawson	6th Viscount Falmouth	1:51.00
1880	Petronel	George Fordham	Joe Cannon	8th Duke of Beaufort	1:52.00
1881	Peregrine	Fred Webb	Robert Peck	1st Duke of Westminster	1:49.00
1882	Shotover ‡	Tom Cannon, Sr.	John Porter	1st Duke of Westminster	1:53.40
1883	Galliard	Fred Archer	Mathew Dawson	6th Viscount Falmouth	1:50.40
1884	Scot Free	Billy Platt	Tom Chaloner	John Foy	1:48.00
1885	Paradox	Fred Archer	John Porter	William Broderick Cloete	1:51.40
1886	Ormonde †	George Barrett	John Porter	1st Duke of Westminster	1:46.80
1887	Enterprise	Tom Cannon, Sr.	James Ryan	Douglas Baird	1:45.60
1888	Ayrshire	John Osborne Jr.	George Dawson	6th Duke of Portland	1:52.20
1889	Enthusiast	Tom Cannon, Sr.	James Ryan	Douglas Baird	1:45.20
1890	Surefoot	John Liddiard	Charles Jousiffe	Archie Merry	1:49.80
1891	Common †	George Barrett	John Porter	1st Baron Alington	1:47.00
1892	Bona Vista	Jack Robinson	William Arthur Jarvis	Charles Day Rose	1:54.00
1893	Isinglass †	Tommy Loates	James Jewitt	Harry McCalmont	1:42.40
1894	Ladas	John Watts	Mathew Dawson	5th Earl of Rosebery	1:44.20
1895	Kirkconnel	John Watts	Jos Day	Sir John Blundell Maple	1:42.40
1896	St Frusquin	Tommy Loates	Alfred Hayhoe	Leopold de Rothschild	1:43.60
1897	Galtee More †	Charles Wood	Sam Darling	John Gubbins	1:40.60
1898	Disraeli	Sam Loates	John Dawson, Sr.	Wallace Johnstone	1:41.80
1899	Flying Fox †	Morny Cannon	John Porter	1st Duke of Westminster	1:43.00
1900	Diamond Jubilee †	Herbert Jones	Richard Marsh	威爾斯親王	1:41.60
1901	Handicapper	Bill Halsey	Fred Day	Sir Ernest Cassel	1:43.00
1902	Sceptre † ‡	Herbert Randall	Bob Sievier	Bob Sievier	1:39.00
1903	Rock Sand †	Skeets Martin	George Blackwell	Sir James Miller	1:42.00
1904	St Amant	Kempton Cannon	Alfred Hayhoe	Leopold de Rothschild	1:38.80
1905	Vedas	Herbert Jones	Jack Robinson	West de Wend-Fenton	1:41.20
1906	Gorgos	Herbert Jones	Richard Marsh	Arthur James	1:43.80
1907	Slieve Gallion	Billy Higgs	Sam Darling	Henry Greer	1:41.80
1908	Norman	Otto Madden	John Watson	August Belmont Jr.	1:44.60
1909	Minoru	Herbert Jones	Richard Marsh	愛德華七世	1:37.80
1910	Neil Gow	Danny Maher	Percy Peck	5th Earl of Rosebery	1:40.40
1911	Sunstar	George Stern	Charles Morton	Jack Barnato Joel	1:37.60
1912	Sweeper	Danny Maher	Atty Persse	Herman Duryea	1:38.40
1913	Louvois	Johnny Reiff	Dawson Waugh	Walter Raphael	1:38.80
1914	Kennymore	George Stern	Alec Taylor Jr.	Sir John Thursby	1:38.00
1915	Pommern †	Steve Donoghue	Charles Peck	Solomon Joel	1:43.40
1916	Clarissimus	Jimmy Clark	Willie Waugh	7th Viscount Falmouth	1:39.60
1917	Gay Crusader †	Steve Donoghue	Alec Taylor Jr.	Alfred Cox	1:40.80
1918	Gainsborough †	Joe Childs	Alec Taylor Jr.	Lady James Douglas	1:44.60
1919	The Panther	Dick Cooper	George Manser	Sir Alec Black	1:44.40
1920	Tetratema	Brownie Carslake	Atty Persse	Dermot McCalmont	1:43.20
1921	Craig an Eran	John Brennan	Alec Taylor Jr.	2nd Viscount Astor	1:41.60
1922	St Louis	George Archibald	Peter Gilpin	1st Baron Queenborough	1:43.60
1923	Ellangowan	Charlie Elliott	Jack Jarvis	5th Earl of Rosebery	1:37.80
1924	Diophon	George Hulme	Dick Dawson	阿加汗三世	1:39.00
1925	Manna	Steve Donoghue	Fred Darling	Henry Morriss	1:39.40
1926	Colorado	Tommy Weston	George Lambton	17th Earl of Derby	1:43.60
1927	Adam's Apple	Jack Leach	Harry Cottrill	Charles Whitburn	1:38.20
1928	Flamingo	Charlie Elliott	Jack Jarvis	Sir Laurence Philipps	1:38.80
1929	Mr Jinks	Harry Beasley	Atty Persse	Dermot McCalmont	1:39.80
1930	Diolite	Freddie Fox	Fred Templeman	Sir Hugo Hirst	1:42.40
1931	Cameronian	Joe Childs	Fred Darling	Arthur Dewar	1:39.40
1932	Orwell	Bobby Jones	Joseph Lawson	Washington Singer	1:42.40
1933	Rodosto	Roger Brethès	Harry Count	Princesse de Lucinge	1:40.40
1934	Colombo	Rae Johnstone	Thomas Hogg	1st Baron Glanely	1:40.00
1935	Bahram †	Freddie Fox	Frank Butters	阿加汗三世	1:41.40
1936	Pay Up	Bobby Dick	Joseph Lawson	2nd Viscount Astor	1:39.60
1937	Le Ksar	Charles Semblat	Frank Carter	Evremond de Saint-Alary	1:44.60
1938	Pasch	Gordon Richards	Fred Darling	Henry Morriss	1:38.80
1939	Blue Peter	Eph Smith	Jack Jarvis	6th Earl of Rosebery	1:39.40
1940	Djebel	Charlie Elliott	Albert Swann	Marcel Boussac	1:42.60
1941	Lambert Simnel	Charlie Elliott	Fred Templeman	2nd Duke of Westminster	1:42.60
1942	Big Game	Gordon Richards	Fred Darling	HM King George VI	1:40.80
1943	Kingsway	Sam Wragg	Joseph Lawson	Alfred Saunders	1:37.60
1944	Garden Path ‡	Harry Wragg	Walter Earl	17th Earl of Derby	1:39.60
1945	Court Martial	Cliff Richards	Joseph Lawson	2nd Viscount Astor	1:40.80
1946	Happy Knight	Tommy Weston	Henri Jelliss	Sir William Cooke	1:38.20
1947	Tudor Minstrel	Gordon Richards	Fred Darling	Arthur Dewar	1:37.80
1948	My Babu	Charlie Smirke	Sam Armstrong	HH Maharaja of Baroda	1:35.80
1949	Nimbus	Charlie Elliott	George Colling	Marion Glenister	1:38.00
1950	Palestine	Charlie Smirke	Marcus Marsh	阿加汗三世	1:36.80
1951	Ki Ming	Scobie Breasley	Michael Beary	Ley On	1:42.00
1952	Thunderhead	Roger Poincelet	Etienne Pollet	Eugène Constant	1:42.48
1953	Nearula	Edgar Britt	Charles Elsey	William Humble	1:38.26
1954	Darius	Manny Mercer	Harry Wragg	Sir Percy Loraine	1:39.45
1955	Our Babu	Doug Smith	Geoffrey Brooke	David Robinson	1:38.83
1956	Gilles de Retz	Frank Barlow	Helen Johnson Houghton[a]	Anthony Samuel	1:38.76
1957	Crepello	柏葛	Noel Murless	沙宣爵士	1:38.24
1958	Pall Mall	Doug Smith	Cecil Boyd-Rochfort	伊莉沙白二世	1:39.43
1959	Taboun	佐治摩亞	夏雅歷	Prince Aly Khan	1:42.42
1960	Martial	Ron Hutchinson	Paddy Prendergast	Reginald Webster	1:38.33
1961	Rockavon	Norman Stirk	George Boyd	Thomas Yuill	1:39.46
1962	Privy Councillor	Bill Rickaby	Tom Waugh	Gerald Glover	1:38.74
1963	Only for Life	連利	Jeremy Tree	Monica Sheriffe	1:45.00
1964	Baldric	Bill Pyers	Ernie Fellows	Mrs Howell Jackson	1:38.44
1965	Niksar	Duncan Keith	Walter Nightingall	Wilfred Harvey	1:43.31
1966	Kashmir	連利	Mick Bartholomew	Peter Butler	1:40.68
1967	皇宮	佐治摩亞	Noel Murless	Jim Joel	1:39.37
1968	Sir Ivor	柏葛	歐伯恩	Raymond Guest	1:39.26
1969	Right Tack	盧亦思	John Sutcliffe, Jr.	Jim Brown	1:41.65
1970	尼真斯基	柏葛	歐伯恩	Charles Engelhard	1:41.54
1971	格烈準將	繆沙	香迪奇	Jean Hislop	1:39.20
1972	High Top	嘉遜	Bernard van Cutsem	Sir Jules Thorn	1:40.82
1973	Mon Fils	Frankie Durr	向能	Brenda Davis	1:42.97
1974	Nonoalco	冼馬田	包添	María Félix Berger	1:39.58
1975	Bolkonski	戴達利	施素爾	Carlo d'Alessio	1:39.49
1976	Wollow	戴達利	施素爾	Carlo d'Alessio	1:38.09
1977	Nebbiolo	Gabriel Curran	彭達嘉	Niels Schibbye	1:38.54
1978	Roland Gardens	Frankie Durr	Duncan Sasse	John Hayter	1:47.33
1979	Tap On Wood	高梵	侯爾仕	Tony Shead	1:43.60
1980	Known Fact b	嘉遜	Jeremy Tree	鴨都拿王子	1:40.46
1981	To-Agori-Mou	史達琪	夏活	Andry Muinos	1:41.43
1982	Zino	赫德	包添	Gerry Oldham	1:37.13
1983	Lomond	魏德禮	歐伯恩	羅拔桑士達	1:43.87
1984	El Gran Senor	魏德禮	歐伯恩	羅拔桑士達	1:37.41
1985	Shadeed	柏葛	司徒德	麥通酋長	1:37.41
1986	勇舞	史達琪	夏活	鴨都拿王子	1:40.00
1987	Don't Forget Me	嘉遜	向能	James Horgan	1:36.74
1988	Doyoun	史永邦	司徒德	阿加汗四世	1:41.73
1989	那時還	嘉遜	香迪奇	咸頓酋長	1:36.44
1990	提洛爾	靳能	向能	John Horgan	1:35.84
1991	奧秘	羅拔時	白禮頓	Lady Beaverbrook	1:37.83
1992	特里安盧	柏葛	卓普咸	羅拔桑士達	1:38.37
1993	沙坊力	魏德禮	費伯華	鴨都拿王子	1:35.32
1994	百利先生	韋法	張仕頓	G. R. Bailey Ltd	1:35.08
1995	百利金	查爾尼	費伯華	穆罕默德酋長	1:35.16
1996	Mark of Esteem	戴圖理	蘇萊	高多芬	1:37.59
1997	企業家	靳能	司徒德	Tabor / Magnier	1:35.64
1998	王中王	靳能	岳伯仁	Magnier / Tabor	1:39.25
1999	沙島	戴圖理	蘇萊	高多芬	1:37.14
2000	皇中王	范義龍	司徒德爵士	Saeed Suhail	1:37.77
2001	哥蘭名駒	范義龍	司徒德爵士	Lord Weinstock	1:37.48
2002	直布羅山	莫狄	岳伯仁	費格遜爵士 / Magnier	1:36.50
2003	堅毅不屈	施慕齡	衛爾德	Moyglare Stud Farm	1:37.98
2004	Haafhd	侯理察	侯爾仕	咸頓酋長	1:36.64
2005	Footstepsinthesand	范義龍	岳伯仁	Tabor / Magnier	1:36.10
2006	華盛頓	范義龍	岳伯仁	Magnier / Tabor / Smith	1:36.86
2007	Cockney Rebel	柏兆雷	Geoff Huffer	Phil Cunningham	1:35.28
2008	亨利先鋒	莫狄	岳伯仁	Sue Magnier	1:39.14
2009	海都之星	靳能	岳斯	崔家亮	1:35.88
2010	馬勁飛	李慕華	杜誠高	Mathieu Offenstadt	1:36.35
2011	范高爾	祁義理	施素爾爵士	鴨都拿王子	1:37.30
2012	帝皇城堡	岳本賢	岳伯仁	Smith / Magnier / Tabor	1:42.46
2013	黎明路向	萬寧	鮑爾傑	高多芬	1:35.84
2014	雷霆夜	范義龍	向禮倫	Saeed Manana	1:36.61
2015	教堂峽谷	莫雅	岳伯仁	Smith / Magnier / Tabor	1:37.55
2016	天文金駿	戴圖理	彭曉高	Al Shaqab Racing	1:35:91
2017	邱吉爾	莫雅	岳伯仁	Smith / Magnier / Tabor	1:36:61
2018	碩信尚武	岳品賢	岳伯仁	Smith / Magnier / Tabor	1:36:55
2019	大希臘	岳品賢	岳伯仁	Smith /Mrs Magnier / Tabor / Flaxman Stables	1:36:84
2020	佳明驥	莫艾誠	包義定	Qatar Racing	1:34.72
2021	詩情綻放	萬寧	鮑爾傑	Jackie Bolger	1:35.69
2022	奪標先驅	杜俊誠	艾柏賓	高多芬	1:36.27

^a 官方公佈Gilles de Retz的練馬師是Charles Jerdein，因為1956年時英國賽馬會仍未准許女性持有練馬師牌照。

^b 雷里耶夫雖然是首匹過終點的參賽馬，但經競賽小組研訊後被貶為最後一名。

參考來源

1. Purse Hikes For Newmarket Classics. thoroughbreddailynews. 2016-02-23 [2016-06-08]. （原始內容存檔於2020-11-06）.
2. Randall, John; Morris, Tony. Horse Racing: The Records. Guinness Superlatives Ltd. 1985: 14. ISBN 0-85112-446-1.