高原鰍屬（學名：Triplophysa）是鯉形目條鰍科一屬，主要分佈在青藏高原、亞洲中部及其周邊海拔較高水域，是世界上已知唯一可分佈到海拔5000m以上的魚類屬。[1][2] 高原鰍屬魚類與鯉科裂腹魚亞科魚類構成了青藏高原魚類區系的主體。[3]
分類研究簡史
早期報道的高原鰍屬物種被歸入了條鰍屬（Nemacheilus）。1933年，德國學者赫爾瑪·倫達爾以顯著的雄性第二特徵為依據，以忽吉圖高原鰍（Triplophysa hutjertjuensis）作為模式種，建立了高原鰍亞屬。1975年羅馬尼亞學者彼得·米哈伊·伯訥雷斯庫和特奧多爾·T·納爾班特將高原鰍亞屬提升為屬。之後條鰍屬大部分種類被歸入本屬。[4]
種類
根據世界魚類數據庫（FishBase）記錄，截止2022年3月8日收錄本屬147種：[5]
- 康定高原鰍 Triplophysa alexandrae Prokofiev, 2001，亞歷山大高原鰍
- 阿里高原鰍 Triplophysa aliensis (Wu & Zhu, 1979)
- 隆頭高原鰍 Triplophysa alticeps (Herzenstein, 1888)
- 高鰭高原鰍 Triplophysa altipinnis Prokofiev, 2003
- 阿廬高原鰍 Triplophysa aluensis Li & Zhu, 2000
- 安氏高原鰍 Triplophysa angeli (Fang, 1941)
- 安龍高原鰍 Triplophysa anlongensis Song, Luo, Lan, Zhao, Xiao & Zhou, 2023[6]
- 前鰭高原鰍 Triplophysa anterodorsalis Zhu & Cao, 1989
- 水綠高原鰍 Triplophysa aquaecaeruleae Prokofiev, 2001
- 阿氏高原鰍 Triplophysa arnoldii Prokofiev, 2006
- 保田高原鰍 Triplophysa baotianensis Li, Li, Liu et Li [7]
- 巴山高原鰍 Triplophysa bashanensis Xu & Wang, 2009
- 貝氏高原鰍 Triplophysa bleekeri (Sauvage & Dabry de Thiersant, 1874)，勃氏高原鰍
- 隆額高原鰍 Triplophysa bombifrons (Herzenstein, 1888)
- 短鰭高原鰍 Triplophysa brachyptera (Herzenstein, 1888)
- 布氏高原鰍 Triplophysa brahui (Zugmayer, 1912)
- 短鬚高原鰍 Triplophysa brevibarba Ding, 1993
- 短尾高原鰍 Triplophysa brevicauda (Herzenstein, 1888)
- 茶卡高原鰍 Triplophysa cakaensis Cao & Zhu, 1988
- 冊亨高原鰍 Triplophysa cehengensis Luo, Mao, Zhao, Xiao & Zhou, 2023[6]
- 俄羅斯高原鰍 Triplophysa chandagaitensis Prokofiev, 2002
- 軟口高原鰍 Triplophysa chondrostoma (Herzenstein, 1888)
- 肅氏高原鰍 Triplophysa choprai (Hora, 1934)
- 尖鰭高原鰍 Triplophysa coniptera (Turdakov, 1954)
- 厚尾高原鰍 Triplophysa crassicauda (Herzenstein, 1888)，糙尾高原鰍
- 粗唇高原鰍 Triplophysa crassilabris Ding, 1994
- 尖頭高原鰍 Triplophysa cuneicephala (Shaw & Tchang, 1931)
- 達里湖高原鰍 Triplophysa dalaica (Kessler, 1876)
- 稻城高原鰍 Triplophysa daochengensis Wu, Sun & Guo, 2016
- 大橋高原鰍 Triplophysa daqiaoensis Ding, 1993
- 索赫高原鰍 Triplophysa daryoae Sheraliev, Kayumova & Peng, 2022
- 峒敢高原鰍 Triplophysa dongganensis Yang, 2013
- 黑背高原鰍 Triplophysa dorsalis (Kessler, 1872)
- 貪食高原鰍 Triplophysa edsinica Prokofiev, 2003
- 紅盲高原鰍 Triplophysa erythraea [8]
- 尤金氏高原鰍 Triplophysa eugeniae Prokofiev, 2002
- 法氏高原鰍 Triplophysa farwelli (Hora, 1935)
- 鳳山高原鰍 Triplophysa fengshanensis Lan, 2013
- 費爾干納高原鰍 Triplophysa ferganaensis Sheraliev & Peng, 2021
- 黃體高原鰍 Triplophysa flavicorpus Yang, Chen & Lan, 2004
- 暗色高原鰍 Triplophysa furva Zhu, 1992
- 撫仙高原鰍 Triplophysa fuxianensis Yang & Chu, 1990
- 個舊高原鰍 Triplophysa gejiuensis (Chu & Chen, 1979)[9]
- 改則高原鰍 Triplophysa gerzeensis Cao & Zhu, 1988
- 灰高原鰍 Triplophysa gracilis (Day, 1877)
- 昆明高原鰍 Triplophysa grahami (Regan, 1906)
- 格林南鰍 Schistura greenei Endruweit 2017 [10]
- 格氏高原鰍 Triplophysa griffithii (Günther, 1868)
- 岡氏高原鰍 Triplophysa gundriseri Prokofiev, 2002
- 哈紮拉高原鰍 Triplophysa hazaraensis (Omer & Mirza, 1975)
- 赫氏高原鰍 Triplophysa herzensteini (Berg, 1909)
- 河西高原鰍 Triplophysa hexiensis (Zhao & Wang, 1988)
- 郃陽高原鰍 Triplophysa heyangensis Zhu, 1992
- 希氏高原鰍 Triplophysa hialmari Prokofiev, 2001
- 酒泉高原鰍 Triplophysa hsutschouensis (Rendahl, 1933)
- 環江高原鰍 Triplophysa huanjiangensis Yang, Wu & Lan, 2011[11]
- 花坪高原鰍 Triplophysa huapingensis Zheng, Yang & Chen, 2012
- 忽吉圖高原鰍 Triplophysa hutjertjuensis (Rendahl, 1933)
- 蟄棲高原鰍 Triplophysa incipiens (Herzenstein, 1888)
- 中間高原鰍 Triplophysa intermedia (Kessler, 1876)
- 劍川高原鰍 Triplophysa jianchuanensis Zheng, Du, Chen & Yang, 2010
- 佳榮高原鰍 Triplophysa jiarongensis Lin, Li & Song, 2012[12]
- 卡菲氏高原鰍 Triplophysa kafirnigani (Turdakov, 1948)
- 喀什米爾高原鰍 Triplophysa kashmirensis (Hora, 1922)
- 卡氏高原鰍 Triplophysa kaznakowi Prokofiev, 2004
- 庫曼高原鰍 Triplophysa kullmanni Bănărescu, Nalbant & Ladiges, 1975
- 伊犁高原鰍 Triplophysa kungessana (Kessler, 1879)
- 唇高原鰍 Triplophysa labiata (Kessler, 1874)
- 拉丘氏高原鰍 Triplophysa lacusnigri (Berg, 1928)
- 湖高原鰍 Triplophysa lacustris Yang & Chu, 1990
- 拉達克高原鰍 Triplophysa ladacensis (Günther, 1868)
- 浪平高原鰍 Triplophysa langpingensis Yang, 2013
- 側斑高原鰍 Triplophysa laterimaculata Li, Liu & Yang, 2007
- 側頭高原鰍 Triplophysa laticeps Zhou & Cui, 1997
- 梭形高原鰍 Triplophysa leptosoma (Herzenstein, 1888)
- 里湖高原鰍 Triplophysa lihuensis Wu, Yang & Lan, 2012
- 理縣高原鰍 Triplophysa lixianensis He, Song & Zhang, 2008
- 蛇形高原鰍 Triplophysa longianguis Wu & Wu, 1984
- 長鬚盲高原鰍 Triplophysa longibarbata (Chen, Yang, Sket & Aljancic, 1998)
- 長鰭高原鰍 Triplophysa longipectoralis Zheng, Du, Chen & Yang, 2009
- 龍裏高原鰍 Triplophysa longliensis Ren, Yang & Chen, 2012
- 羅城高原鰍 Triplophysa luochengensis Li, Lan, Chen & Du, 2017[13]
- 大頭高原鰍 Triplophysa macrocephala Yang, Wu & Yang, 2012
- 大斑高原鰍 Triplophysa macromaculata Yang, 1990
- 大眼高原鰍 Triplophysa macrophthalma Zhu & Guo, 1985
- 麻爾柯高原鰍 Triplophysa markehenensis (Zhu & Wu, 1981)，瑪柯河高原鰍
- 石紋高原鰍 Triplophysa marmorata (Heckel, 1838)
- 細眼高原鰍 Triplophysa microphthalma (Kessler, 1879)
- 小鰾高原鰍 Triplophysa microphysa (Fang, 1935)
- 小眼高原鰍 Triplophysa microps (Steindachner, 1866)
- 小體高原鰍 Triplophysa minuta (Li, 1966)
- 岷縣高原鰍 Triplophysa minxianensis (Wang & Zhu, 1979)
- 墨曲高原鰍 Triplophysa moquensis Ding, 1994
- 南丹高原鰍 Triplophysa nandanensis Lan, Yang & Chen, 1995
- 南盤江高原鰍 Triplophysa nanpanjiangensis (Zhu & Cao, 1988)
- 大鼻高原鰍 Triplophysa nasalis (Kessler, 1876)
- 鼻鬚高原鰍 Triplophysa nasobarbatula Wang & Li, 2001
- 納氏高原鰍 Triplophysa naziri (Ahmad & Mirza, 1963)
- 寧蒗高原鰍 Triplophysa ninglangensis Wu & Wu, 1988
- 怒江高原鰍 Triplophysa nujiangensa Chen, Cui & Yang, 2004
- 黑體高原鰍 Triplophysa obscura Wang, 1987
- 鈍吻高原鰍 Triplophysa obtusirostra Wu & Wu, 1988
- 東方高原鰍 Triplophysa orientalis (Herzenstein, 1888)
- 盤州高原鰍 Triplophysa panzhouensis Yu, Luo, Lan, Xiao & Zhou, 2023[6]
- 粒唇高原鰍 Triplophysa papillosolabiata (Kessler, 1879)
- 黃河高原鰍 Triplophysa pappenheimi (Fang, 1935)
- 塔拉斯高原鰍 Triplophysa paradoxa (Turdakov, 1955)
- 奇異南鰍 Schistura paraxena Endruweit, 2017[14]
- 小高原鰍 Triplophysa parvus Chen, Li & Yang, 2009
- 佩達氏高原鰍 Triplophysa pedaschenkoi (Berg, 1931)
- 多帶高原鰍 Triplophysa polyfasciata Ding, 1996
- 擬硬刺高原鰍 Triplophysa pseudoscleroptera (Zhu & Wu, 1981)
- 擬細尾高原鰍 Triplophysa pseudostenura He, Zhang & Song, 2012
- 祁連高原鰍 Triplophysa qilianensis Li, Chen & Hu, 2015
- 丘北高原鰍 Triplophysa qiubeiensis Li & Yang, 2008[15]
- 甘肅高原鰍 Triplophysa robusta (Kessler, 1876)，粗壯高原鰍
- 冗渡高原鰍 Triplophysa rongduensis Mao, Zhao, Yu, Xiao & Zhou, 2023[6]
- 玫瑰高原鰍 Triplophysa rosa Chen & Yang, 2005
- 紅異高原鰍 Triplophysa rossoperegrinatorum Prokofiev, 2001
- 圓腹高原鰍 Triplophysa rotundiventris (Wu & Chen, 1979)
- 挖頷高原鰍 Triplophysa scapanognatha Prokofiev, 2007
- 硬鰭高原鰍 Triplophysa scleroptera (Herzenstein, 1888)
- 賽麗高原鰍 Triplophysa sellaefer (Nichols, 1925)
- 截尾高原鰍 Triplophysa sewerzowi (Nikolskii, 1938)
- 陝西高原鰍 Triplophysa shaanxiensis Chen, 1987
- 印度高原鰍 Triplophysa shehensis Tilak, 1987
- 石林盲高原鰍 Triplophysa shilinensis Chen & Yang, 1992
- 石羊河高原鰍 Triplophysa shiyangensis (Zhao & Wang, 1983)
- 擬鯰高原鰍 Triplophysa siluroides (Herzenstein, 1888)
- 細尾高原鰍 Triplophysa stenura (Herzenstein, 1888)
- 刺突高原鰍 Triplophysa stewarti (Hora, 1922)，異尾高原鰍
- 斯氏高原鰍 Triplophysa stolickai (Steindachner, 1866)，也拼作T. stoliczkae，T. stoliczkai[16]
- 黑斑高原鰍 Triplophysa strauchii (Kessler, 1874)
- 唐古拉高原鰍 Triplophysa tanggulaensis (Zhu, 1982)
- 窄尾高原鰍 Triplophysa tenuicauda (Steindachner, 1866)
- 長身高原鰍 Triplophysa tenuis (Day, 1877)
- 天峨高原鰍 Triplophysa tianeensis Chen, Cui & Yang, 2004
- 田林高原鰍 Triplophysa tianlinensis Li, Li, Lan & Du, 2016[17]
- 天星高原鰍 Triplophysa tianxingensis Yang, Li & Chen, 2016[18]
- 西藏高原鰍 Triplophysa tibetana (Regan, 1905)
- 特氏高原鰍 Triplophysa trewavasae Mirza & Ahmad, 1990
- 吐魯番高原鰍 Triplophysa turpanensis Wu & Wu, 1992
- 裸高原鰍 Triplophysa ulacholica (Anikin, 1905)
- 秀麗高原鰍 Triplophysa venusta Zhu & Cao, 1988
- 歪思漢高原鰍 Triplophysa waisihani Cao & Zhang, 2008
- 武威高原鰍 Triplophysa wuweiensis (Li & Chang, 1974)
- 響水箐高原鰍 Triplophysa xiangshuingensis Li, 2004
- 湘西盲高原鰍 Triplophysa xiangxiensis (Yang, Yuan & Liao, 1986)
- 西昌高原鰍 Triplophysa xichangensis Zhu & Cao, 1989
- 西疇高原鰍 Triplophysa xichouensis Liu, Pan, Yang et Chen, 2017 [19]
- 興山高原鰍 Triplophysa xingshanensis (Yang & Xie, 1983)
- 西溪高原鰍 Triplophysa xiqiensis Ding & Lai, 1996
- 姚氏高原鰍 Triplophysa yaopeizhii Xu, Zhang & Cai, 1995
- 南亞高原鰍 Triplophysa yasinensis (Alcock, 1898)
- 雲南高原鰍 Triplophysa yunnanensis Yang, 1990
- 青海高原鰍 Triplophysa zaidamensis (Kessler, 1876)
- 巨頭高原鰍 Triplophysa zamegacephala (Zhao, 1985)
- 趙氏高原鰍 Triplophysa zhaoi Prokofiev, 2006
- 貞豐高原鰍 Triplophysa zhenfengensis Wang & Li, 2001
參考文獻
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