阻音又稱阻礙音、阻塞音和響音相對,指調音方法為阻礙氣流外出,令聲腔氣壓升高的輔音,如 [k]、[d͡ʒ]、[f] 等[1]。發音時,氣流通道有閉塞、間隙或兩者同時發生,產生摩擦,並與噪音元素有關聯,又有清濁音之分。
阻音細分為幾類,包括塞音、擦音和塞擦音[2]。雖然原始的阻音是清音,但濁阻音亦相當普遍。這與響音相反,因為絕大部分響音都是濁音。
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