激進中間主義

激進中間主義（英語：Radical centrism），又稱激進中間、激進中間派，是20世紀末西方國家興起的一個概念。該術語中的「激進」指的是最激進的中間派願意呼籲對機構進行根本性改革。 ^[1]「中間主義」指的是一種信念，即真正的解決方案需要現實主義和實用主義，而不僅僅是理想主義和情感。 ^[2]

一本激進中間主義著作將該意識形態定義為「沒有幻想的理想主義」^[3]，這句話最初出自約翰·甘迺迪。^[4]由於這種方法，激進中間主義通常認可證據而不是意識形態為指導原則。激進中間主義者借鑑左翼和右翼的思想，並經常將它們融合在一起。^[5]他們中的大多數支持基於市場經濟的社會問題解決方案，同時認為政府應從公眾利益出發，實施強有力的監督。^[6]他們也支持加強全球參與和發展中國家中產階級的壯大。^[7]

參考文獻

1. Halstead, Ted; Lind, Michael. The Radical Center: The Future of American Politics. New York City: Doubleday/Random House. 2001: 16. ISBN 978-0-385-50045-6.
2. Avlon, John. Independent Nation: How the Vital Center Is Changing American Politics. New York City: Harmony Books/Random House. 2004: 2. ISBN 978-1-4000-5023-9.
3. Satin, Mark. Radical Middle: The Politics We Need Now. Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press/Basic Books. 2004: 5. ISBN 978-0-8133-4190-3.
4. Avlon (2004), p. 109.
5. Olson, Robert. The Rise of 'Radical Middle' Politics. The Futurist. Vol. 39 no. 1 (Chicago, Illinois: World Future Society). January–February 2005: 45–47.
6. Miller, Matthew. The Two Percent Solution: Fixing America's Problems in Ways Liberals and Conservatives Can Love. New York City: Public Affairs/Perseus Books Group. 2003: 71. ISBN 978-1-58648-158-2.
7. Halstead, Ted (編). The Real State of the Union: From the Best Minds in America, Bold Solutions to the Problems Politicians Dare Not Address. New York City: Basic Books. 2004: 13–19. ISBN 978-0-465-05052-9.

延伸閱讀

1990年代書籍

• Chickering, A. Lawrence (1993). Beyond Left and Right: Breaking the Political Stalemate. Institute for Contemporary Studies Press. ISBN 978-1-55815-209-0.
• Coyle, Diane (1997). The Weightless World: Strategies for Managing the Digital Economy. Massachusetts Institute of Technology Press. ISBN 978-0-262-03259-9.
• Esty, Daniel C.; Chertow, Marian, eds. (1997). Thinking Ecologically: The Next Generation of Ecological Policy. Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-07303-4.
• Howard, Philip K. (1995). The Death of Common Sense: How Law Is Suffocating America. Random House. ISBN 978-0-679-42994-4.
• Penny, Tim; Garrett, Major (1998). The 15 Biggest Lies in Politics. St. Martin's Press. ISBN 978-0-312-18294-6.
• Sider, Ronald J. (1999). Just Generosity: A New Vision for Overcoming Poverty in America. Baker Books. ISBN 978-0-8010-6613-9.
• Ventura, Jesse (2000). I Ain't Got Time to Bleed: Reworking the Body Politic from the Bottom Up. New York: Signet. ISBN 0451200861.
• Wolfe, Alan (1998). One Nation, After All: What Middle-Class Americans Really Think. Viking. ISBN 978-0-670-87677-8.

2000年代書籍

• Anderson, Walter Truett (2001). All Connected Now: Life in the First Global Civilization. Westview Press. ISBN 978-0-8133-3937-5.
• Florida, Richard (2002). The Rise of the Creative Class: And How It's Transforming Work, Leisure, Community and Everyday Life. Basic Books. ISBN 978-0-465-02476-6.
• Friedman, Thomas (2005). The World Is Flat: A Brief History of the Twenty-first Century. Farrar, Straus, and Giroux. ISBN 0-374-29288-4
• Lukes, Steven (2009). The Curious Enlightenment of Professor Caritat: A Novel of Ideas. Verso Books, 2nd ed. ISBN 978-1-84467-369-8.
• Miller, Matt (2009). The Tyranny of Dead Ideas: Letting Go of the Old Ways of Thinking to Unleash a New Prosperity. Henry Holt and Company. ISBN 978-0-8050-9150-2.
• Penner, Rudolph; Sawhill, Isabel; Taylor, Timothy (2000). Updating America's Social Contract: Economic Growth and Opportunity in the New Century. W. W. Norton and Co., Chap. 1 ("An Agenda for the Radical Middle"). ISBN 978-0-393-97579-6.
• Ury, William (2000). The Third Side: Why We Fight and How We Can Stop. Penguin Books. ISBN 978-0-14-029634-1.
• Wexler, David B.; Winick, Bruce, eds. (2003). Judging in a Therapeutic Key: Therapeutic Justice and the Courts. Carolina Academic Press. ISBN 978-0-89089-408-8.
• Whitman, Christine Todd (2005). It's My Party, Too: The Battle for the Heart of the GOP and the Future of America. The Penguin Press, Chap. 7 ("A Time for Radical Moderates"). ISBN 978-1-59420-040-3.

2010年代書籍

• Brock, H. Woody (2012). American Gridlock: Why the Right and Left Are Both Wrong. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 978-0-470-63892-7.
• Clegg, Nick (2017). Politics: Between the Extremes, international edition. Vintage. ISBN 978-1-78470-416-2.
• Edwards, Mickey (2012). The Parties Versus the People: How to Turn Republicans and Democrats Into Americans. Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-18456-3.
• Friedman, Thomas; Mandelbaum, Michael (2011). That Used to be Us: How America Fell Behind in the World It Invented and How We Can Come Back. Picador. ISBN 978-0374288907.
• Huntsman Jr., John, editor (2014). No Labels: A Shared Vision for a Stronger America. Diversion Books. ISBN 978-1-62681-237-6.
• Macron, Emmanuel (2017). Revolution. Scribe Publications. ISBN 978-1-925322-71-2.
• Orman, Greg (2016). A Declaration of Independents: How we Can Break the Two-Party Stranglehold and Restore the American Dream. Greenleaf Book Group Press. ISBN 978-1-62634-332-0.
• Pearson, Noel (2011). Up From the Mission: Selected Writings. Black Inc. 2nd ed. Part Four ("The Quest for a Radical Centre"). ISBN 978-1-86395-520-1.
• Salit, Jacqueline S. (2012). Independents Rising: Outsider Movements, Third Parties, and the Struggle for a Post-Partisan America. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-0-230-33912-5.
• Trudeau, Justin (2015). Common Ground. HarperCollins. ISBN 978-1-4434-3338-9.
• Whelan, Charles (2013). The Centrist Manifesto. W. W. Norton & Company. ISBN 978-0-393-34687-9.
• White, Courtney (2017). Grassroots: The Rise of the Radical Center and The Next West. Dog Ear Publishing. ISBN 978-1-4575-5431-5.

宣言

• "Road to Generational Equity" – Tim Penny, Richard Lamm, and Paul Tsongas (1995). Retrieved 2 October 2012.
• "An Invitation to Join the Radical Center" – Gary Paul Nabhan, Courtney White, and 18 others (2003). Retrieved 24 October 2017.
• "Ground Rules of Civil Society: A Radical Centrist Manifesto" – Ernest Prabhakar (2003). Retrieved 6 January 2019.
• "The Cape York Agenda" – Noel Pearson (2005). Retrieved 17 January 2016.
• "Ten Big Ideas for a New America" – New America Foundation (2007). Retrieved 25 July 2018.
• "The Liberal Moment" – Nick Clegg (2009). Retrieved 2 October 2012.
• "Depolarizing the American Mind" – Steve McIntosh and Carter Phipps (2014). Retrieved 31 December 2016.
• "An Ecomodernist Manifesto" – Ted Nordhaus and 17 others (2015). Retrieved 12 August 2018.
• "Real Change" – Liberal Party of Canada platform under Justin Trudeau (2015). Retrieved 20 October 2017.
• "Radix: Think Tank for the Radical Centre" – David Boyle and others (2016). Retrieved 26 January 2019.
• "Rough Guide to Manifesto of Macron" – Emmanuel Macron, edited by Reuters (2017). Retrieved 15 October 2017.
• "Unlocking the Climate Puzzle" – Ted Halstead for the Climate Leadership Council (2017). Retrieved 25 July 2018.
• "California for All" – Michael Shellenberger (2018). Retrieved 12 August 2018.
• "The Center Can Hold: Public Policy for an Age of Extremes" – Niskanen Center (2018). Retrieved 26 January 2019.

外部連結

組織機構

• Cape York Institute （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館） – Australian think tank
• Demos （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館） – U.K. think tank
• New America （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館） – U.S. think tank
• No Labels （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館） – U.S. political group
• Search for Common Ground （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館） – global dialogues

意見網站

• John Avlon: Featured Columns （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館） – John Avlon
• Matt Miller: The Archives （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館） – Matt Miller
• Michael Lind articles （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館） – Michael Lind
• Radical Middle Newsletter （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館） – Mark Satin