Jeanne d'Arc

Jeanne d'Arc
Chhut-sì-ji̍t	約1412 nî Chiaⁿ-goe̍h 6 ji̍t
Chhut-sì-tē	Domrémy-la-Pucelle
Pún-miâ	未知數值
Koè-sin-ji̍t	1431 nî Gō·-goe̍h 30 ji̍t (19 hòe)
Koè-sin-tē	Rouen
Koè-sin goân-in	Hóe-hêng
Kok-che̍k	Hoat-lân-se Ông-kok
Bú-gí	中古法語
ē kóng	中古法語
chong-kàu	Thian-chú-kàu
Chit-gia̍p	Kun-jîn
Lāu-pē	雅克·達爾克
Lāu-bú	伊莎貝拉·洛美
Hiaⁿ-tī chí-moē	Catherine d'Arc, Jacques of Arc, Jean d'Arc, Pierre d'Arc
	[tī Wikidata kái]
	hián; lūn; pian;

Jeanne d'Arc (ho͘-im: [ʒanˈdaʁk] Óa-im: "jiáng-tak"; iok 1412 nî – 1431 nî 5 goe̍h 30 ji̍t) sī Hoat-kok ê eng-hiông jîn-bu̍t. I tī Lorraine tē-hng chhut-sì, jīn-ûi ka-kī chiap tio̍h Sîn ê khé-sī, tâu-kun jî-chhiá sut-niá Hoat-kok ê kun-tūi tī Pah-nî Chiàn-cheng tit tio̍h kúi-ā pái sèng-lī. Kàu-bóe i hō͘ Eng-lân-lâng lia̍h--tio̍h, keng-kòe chong-kàu sím-phòaⁿ liáu-āu hông phòaⁿ ī-toan kap lú-bû chōe-miâ, āu-bóe siū hóe-thiāu sí-hêng. Tī 1456 nî, kàu-hông chiah têng-sin kiám-cha sím-phòaⁿ, soan-pò͘ Jeanne d'Arc sī bô-chōe--ê^[1].

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Tùi Jeanne ê tāi-chì têng-sin chò sím-phòaⁿ ê sî-chūn, ū kì-lio̍k tio̍h Jeanne ê pē-bú sǹg sī pêng-bîn chhut-sin, bô te̍k-pia̍t hó-gia̍h ia̍h bô sàn-chhia̍h. Tī 1423 nî 10 goe̍h 7 hō ê chi̍t hāng àn-kiāⁿ tang-tiong, ū kì-su̍t Jeanne ê lāu-pē Jacques d'Arc sī Ceffonds ê lâng, i sī Domrémy chng-siā ê tiúⁿ-ló. Jeanne ê pē-bú tī chng lāi ū chha-put-to 20 khéng (hectare) ê thó͘-tē, hâm 12 khéng ê chhân-hn̂g kap 4 khéng ê nâ-á tē. Isabelle Romée, Jeanne ê a-bú, sī Vouthon ê phó͘-thong ka-têng chhut-sin^[2].

Tâu-kun

Jeanne d'Arc chhut-sin ê Domrémy chng, tī i hit-chūn tú hó sī Hoat-kok kap Anglo-Bourgogne sè-le̍k saⁿ-cheⁿ ê chiân-sòaⁿ. Siū Bourgogne lâng ê ui-sè gūi-hiap, hit-chūn chng-bîn í-keng cháu-siám pa̍t ūi khì. Jeanne, kám-kak ka-tī siū tio̍h chi̍t khoán siaⁿ-im leh ín-chhōa, tī 1428 nî 5 goe̍h tùi Domrémy chiân-óng Vaucouleurs, óa-kīn jî-chhiá siū dauphin Charles (āu--lâi ê Charles 7-sè) khòng-chè ê iāu-sài. Chóng-sī Charles hit-chūn bô beh chhap, Jeanne taⁿ thang tńg chhù^[3].

Lâi-kàu 1429 nî 1 goe̍h, Jeanne koh chi̍t kái kòe Vaucouleurs, chit kái kìⁿ tio̍h ê iâⁿ-koaⁿ siong-sìn i, hō͘ i khì Chinon pài-hóng Charles. Hoat-kok kun-tūi hō͘ Jeanne chò ta-po͘-khoán ê táⁿ-pān, kap chi̍t tīn jîn-bé lóng-chóng 6-ê lâng chò-phōaⁿ, kiâⁿ kòe te̍k-kun niá-tē, jî-chhiá tī 2 goe̍h 23 lâi kàu tī Chinnon^[1]. Chiong i siūⁿ beh tùi-khòng Eng-lân ê siūⁿ-hoat soeh-bêng hō͘ kok-ông liáu-āu, Jeanne siū kàu-hōe ê lâng sím-mn̄g ê sî, i piáu-sī beh tī Orléans chèng-bêng ka-tī^[3].

Āu-bóe Jeanne tó-tńg Chinon, 4-goe̍h sî, Charles thê-kiong hō͘ Jeanne tī Tours chi̍t kóa jîn-bé. Jean d’Aulon chò i-ê siú-ōe chhin-ióng. Orléans ê pau-ûi-chiàn chū 1428 nî 10 goe̍h 12 khai-sí, Eng-lân tī siâⁿ-chhī sì-ûi khí-siat kun-lúi. Jeanne kap chí-hui-koaⁿ La Hire tī 1429 nî 4 goe̍h 29 lâi kàu ūi, chí-sī chāi-tē ê kun-tūi tán-thāi oān-peng^[3].

Chhut-chiàn

5 goe̍h 4 hō, Jeanne hú-jiân soan-pò͘ i beh khai-sí kong-táⁿ Eng-lân-lâng, siū i kó͘-bú ê Hoat-kok kun-tūi lo̍h-bóe chiàm lo̍h--lâi chi̍t chō kun-lúi. Kàu 5 goe̍h 6 hō, in koh hiòng lēng-gōa chi̍t-ê kun-lúi chìn-peng, Eng-lân-lâng siūⁿ beh thè-kun, soah hō͘ Jeanne kap La Hire kong-kek. 7 ji̍t ê sî, Hoat-kok-lâng koh hiòng kun-lúi Les Tourelles chìn-hoat. Chit kái Jeanne soah tio̍h-siong. Keh kang Suffolk Pek-chiok (Earl of Suffolk) niá-chhōa^[4] ê Eng-lân kun-tūi thè cháu, m̄-koh Jeanne bô ài tī lé-pài-ji̍t kè-sio̍k sio-thâi^[3].

5 goe̍h 9 hō, Jeanne lî-khui liáu Orléans, ùi Tours hōe-kìⁿ Charles, kó͘-bú Charles kóaⁿ-kín kòe Reims chiap-siū ka-bián. Āu--lâi Jeanne koh kiàn-gī chhim-lio̍k Normandy. Chóng-sī in koat-tēng seng hiòng Loire Khe iân-hōaⁿ ê siâⁿ-chhī hoat-peng, Jeanne kap duc d’Alençon chiàm-niá chi̍t-ê chng-thâu liáu-āu, koh hiòng Eng-lân-lâng ê kun-iâⁿ Beaugency chìn-peng, mā chiap-siū Connétable de Richemont pang-chō͘, kàu-bóe Beaugency tâu-hâng^[3].

1429 nî 6 goe̍h 18, Hoat-kok kap Eng-lân kun-tūi tī Patay sio-tú. Jeann pó-chèng Hoat-kok ē-tàng sèng-lī, āu-bóe mā chiàn-iâⁿ. Jeanne kap kî-thaⁿ chiòng-sū tńg Sully-sur-Loire kap Charles hōe-ha̍p, koh chi̍t chhù kiàn-gǐ Charles hiòng Reims sóa ūi, keng-gòe saⁿ-cheⁿ, sòe-ho̍k liáu Charles. 6 goe̍h 29, in chhut-hoat hiòng Reims chìn-peng. Tī Reims, Charles ùi 1429 nî 7 goe̍h 14 siū ka-bián^[3].

Charles 7-sè tī 6 goe̍h 20 lî-khui Reims. Chiàu hit tang-chūn sú-ka ê kì-lio̍k, Jeanne í-keng sī thong Hoat-kok iú-miâ ê lâng. ÙI Senlis, Hoat-kok kap Eng-lân kun-tūi chhài chi̍t pái sio-tùi, Jeanne chit chūn chin ǹg-bāng kín kong hā Pa-lí, i kap Alençon tī 8 goe̍h 26 lâi kàu Pa-lí pak-pêng ê Saint-Denis. Tong kok-ông lâi kàu liáu-āu, in ùi 9 goe̍h 8 hō hiòng Pa-lí ê siâⁿ-mn̂g kong-kek, kong-siâⁿ ê sî, Jeanne ka-tī khiā khí thô͘-tun téng kiò Pa-lí-lâng tâu-hâng, kiat-kó soah siū-siong, keh-kang, kok-ông iau-kiû thè-kun^[3].

Jeanne tòe Charles kòe Loire, in tī 9 goe̍h 22, ùi Gien kái-sàn kun-tūi, āu-bóe koh chò-hóe khì Bourges. 10 goe̍h ê sî, Jeanne hông sàng khì kong-táⁿ Saint-Pierre-le-Moûtier, ēng chin chió ê jîn-bé chiàn iâⁿ. M̄-koh āu-lâi phah La Charité-sur-Loire ê sî sit-pāi. 12 goe̍h, Jeanne kap i-ê pē-bú hiaⁿ-tī, hō͘ kok-ông hong chò hôa-cho̍k^[3].

Chhiok-ná tēng-chōe

1430 nî 5 goe̍h 14, Jeanne kap i-ê hiaⁿ-tī Pierre chham Jean d’Aulon lâi kàu Compiègne, hit tang-chūn in tng leh tùi-khòng Bourgogne. Jeanne cháu ji̍p Compiègne siâⁿ lāi, 5 goe̍h 23 i niá chi̍t tīn lâng chhut-lâi sio-thâi, sui-jiân phah-thè Bourgogne, oaⁿ-ná bô hoat-tō͘ tí-khòng Eng-lân oān-peng. Beh kòe Oise Khe ê sî-chūn, Jeanne siak lo̍h bé-á, kap Pierre, Jean d’Aulon chò-hòe hō͘ Luxembourg ê Jean ê jîn-bé chhōa khì Bourgogne só͘ niá ê Margny^[3].

Chit tang chūn, Reims ê tāi-chú-kàu Renaud de Chartres khòng-sò͘ Jeanne kì-choa̍t kiàn-gī jî-chhiá sûi-ì oa̍h-tāng; tông-sî siūⁿ beh kap Bourgogne thêng-chiàn ê kok-ông Charles mā bô hèng-chhù ka oân-kiù. Jeanne hō͘ chhōa khì Vermandois ê siâⁿ-pó, i kúi--a kái thau-cháu, chi̍t kái tùi thah téng thiàu--lo̍h siak hîn--khì, chòe-āu sī sàng khì Arras. Pa-lí tī 5 goe̍h 25 chiap tio̍h Jeanne hông lia̍h tio̍h ê siau-sit, keh-kang Eng-lân khòng-chè ê Pa-lí Tāi-ha̍k, tiō iau-kiû kā Jeanne sàng kòe chòe sím-phòaⁿ^[3].

Kàu 1431 nî 1 goe̍h 3 ji̍t, Jeanne í-keng tī Beauvais ê chú-kàu Pierre Cauchon ê chhiú lāi. I tùi 2 goe̍h 21 kàu 3 goe̍h 24 kî-kan siū cha̍p gōa kái ê chit-mn̄g. Chóng-sì Jeanne m̄ goān-ì thê-kiong jīm-hô chêng-pò. Jeanne siū tio̍h kúi-a cha̍p hāng chí-khòng, tōa-pō͘-hūn lóng kap tùi sîn put-kèng ū koan-hē. Āu-bóe chí-khòng kiám kah chhūn 12 hāng, sàng kòe hō͘ Rouen kap Pa-lí ê sîn-ha̍k-ka kiám-sī^[3].

4 goe̍h 18, Cauchon kòe khì khòaⁿ Jeanne, hit tong-sî Jeanne í-keng phòaⁿ-pēⁿ. Kàu 5 goe̍h 23 ê sî, Pa-lí Tāi-ha̍k thong-ti liáu in ê koa-tēng, nā Jeanne î-chhî goân-lâi ê kóng-hoat, tiō beh í īⁿ-toan chò lí-iû ka khòaⁿ sí-hêng. 5 goe̍h 24, Jeanne hông sàng khì kaⁿ-ga̍k. 5 goe̍h 30 ji̍t ê sî tī Place du Vieux-Marché siū hóe-hêng chhú-koat^[3].

1869 nî, Orléans ê chú-kàu Félix Dupanloup khai-sí hiòng Sèng-chō (Lô-má Kàu-hông léng-tō ê chú-kàu thoân) chhéng-goān têng-sin khó-lū koan-hē Jeanne ê àn-kiāⁿ. 1920 nî 5 goe̍h 16, Thian-chú-kàu ùi Sèng Pí-tek Tōa-sèng-tn̂g soan-pò͘ sêng-jīm Jeanne chò sèng-jîn^[5]. Félix Dupanloup pún-sin pat kiám-giām Jeanne ê le̍k-sú, i tha̍k kòe ha̍k-chiá Jules Quicherat tī 1840 nî-tāi só͘ chhut-pán, choán-siá ê chhâi-phòaⁿ bûn-su.

1429 nî 5 goe̍h 10 hō, tong Hoat-lân-se tī Orléans chiàn-iâⁿ ê siau-sit thoân kàu Pa-lí ê sî, gī-hōe ê su-kì-koaⁿ Clément de Fauquembergue tī kì-lio̍k-phō͘ ōe--lo̍h-lâi chi̍t sian Jeanne ê ang-á. Fauquembergue m̄ pat khòaⁿ kòe Jeanne pún-lâng, chóng-sī i siá ê ang-á sī hiān-tāi só͘ lâu-chûn î-it Jeanne chài-seⁿ sî-chūn ê ōe-iáⁿ.^[1]

Bí-kok ê Mark Twain bat chiam-tùi Jeanne d'Arc ê chi̍t sì lâng chò gián-kiù, āu-bóe siá liáu chi̍t pō͘ siáu-soat Tùi Jeanne d'Arc ê Kò-jîn Tui-ek (Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc), 1896 nî chhut-pán.

Chū tiān-iáⁿ hoat-bêng í-lâi, ū chin chē kì-su̍t Jeanne d'Arc ê chok-phín. Pau-koat 1999 nî hoat-kok kàn-tok Luc Besson phah ê Jeanne d'Arc (Eng-gí tê-bo̍k: The Messenger: The Story of Joan of Arc).

Su-chì

Castor, Helen (2015). Joan of Arc: A History. Harper. ISBN 978-0062384393.
Pernoud, Régine; Clin, Marie-Véronique (1998). Joan of Arc: Her Story. Translated by Jeremy duQuesnay Adams. St. Martin's Griffin. ISBN 0-312-22730-2.
Kuiper, Kathleen (2010). "Joan of Arc". Britannica Guide to the World's Most Influential People : 100 Most Influential Women of All Time. Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc. ISBN 978-1-61530-058-7.
Jaques, Tony (2007). Dictionary of Battles and Sieges: A Guide to 8,500 Battles from Antiquity through the Twenty-first Century. Greenwood Press. ISBN 978-0313335365.

Chù-kha

[1]
Castor 2015
[2]
Pernoud & Clin 1998
[3]
Kuiper 2010
[4]
Jaques 2007, Orleans | 1428–1429 | Hundred Years War
[5]
Castor 2015, Epilogue: 'Saint Joan'

Joan of Arc Archive, siu-chi̍p Jeanne d'Arc chu-liāu ê bûn-khò͘.
Sè-kài cha̍p-jī Uí-jîn lūn Archived 2024-07-22 at the Wayback Machine., ū 1927 nî 9 goe̍h Kòa-chhài chí cha̍p-chì tùi Jeanne ê kài-siāu.

Tī Wikimedia Commons téng ê siong-koan tóng-àn: Jeanne d'Arc

[Castor2015-1] [1]
Castor 2015

[PernoudClin1998-2] [2]
Pernoud & Clin 1998

[Kuiper2010-3] [3]
Kuiper 2010

[4] [4]
Jaques 2007, Orleans | 1428–1429 | Hundred Years War

[Castor2015-epilogue-5] [5]
Castor 2015, Epilogue: 'Saint Joan'

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]